vocab 1
The process by which cells grow and divide to produce more cells
Cell Cycle
The first phase of mitosis, in which chromosomes condense, becoming visible, the nuclear membrane dissolves, the centrosomes move to opposite ends of the nucleus, and spindle fibers form
Prophase
The phase of mitosis in which spindle fibers begin to shorten, separating the sister chromatids and pulling them to opposite ends of the cell
Anaphase
The phase of mitosis where chromosomes line up along an imaginary line (the metaphase plate) in the middle of the cell
Metaphase
The phase of mitosis in which the genetic material has been separated and the nuclear membrane begins to reform to create two separate but identical nuclei
Telophase
The phase of the cell cycle in which the plasma membrane begins to cleave the cytoplasm into two separate but identical cells
Cytokinesis
The longest phase of the cell cycle, in which the cell will grow larger and replicate its DNA in order to prepare for cell division
Interphase
The process by which DNA makes a copy of itself
Replication
The process through which a cell develops and specializes to perform a certain function
Differentiation
The phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle in which a single cell divides into two cells
Mitosis
A diploid cell resulting from the fusion of the sperm and egg
Zygote
Segments of DNA that code for protein or functional RNA
Genes
The complete set of genes or genetic material in a cell or organism
Genome
An undifferentiated cell that gives rise to specialized cells
Stem Cell
Cells that are specialized to perform a specific function
Specialized Cells
The process in which a strand of DNA is copied into an RNA strand for the purpose of protein synthesis
Transcription
The process by which genetic information generates a specific protein or trait
Gene Expression
The combination of male and female gametes to produce a zygote
Fertilization
A group of cells with a similar structure and function
Tissue
A group of interconnected tissues that work together to perform a specific set of functions
Organ
Has a chromosome from each parent
Diploid
A picture of an organisms chromosomes
Karyotype
An embryo when cell begin to differentiate in the embryo
Blastula
The outer most layer in the blastula, makes up central nervous system, outer surface, neural crest.
Ectoderm
Mesoderm