Vocabulary
The process by which a less specialized cell becomes a more specialized cell type. It is essential in the development of multicellular organisms.
Cell Differentiation
Which organelle do pancreatic cells have more of in order to make the protein insulin?
Ribosomes
The outermost layer of the embryo; This layer will develop into the skin, the nervous system, and some sensory organs.
Ectoderm
_______ cells within an organism have the same DNA
ALL
Embryonic stem cells have the potential to differentiate into any cell type, this is called what?
Totipotent Stem Cells
Collenchyma cells have uneven cell walls. What is the benefit of having the thick areas of cell wall?
Strength
The innermost layer of the embryo. This layer will become the digestive tract , liver, pancreas, lungs, and other internal organs.
endoderm
True or false, specialized cells can go back
FALSE
A fertilized egg
zygote
What cells have extra mitochondria? Why?
Muscle cells, to have energy for contraction/movement
The middle layer of the embryo. This layer gives rise to muscles, bones, blood vessels, the heart, kidneys, and reproductive organs.
Mesoderm
Cells differentiate because of ___________ and ____________ signals
Internal and external
These stem cells are more specialized and can differentiate into a few types of cell within a particular tissue or organ. They are responsible for maintaining and repairing the tissues in which they are found.
Multipotent Stem Cells
Adipocytes are cells that specialize and stores fat as energy. What organelle is large in these cells?
Vacuole
Starting with a zygote, list all of the tissue stages needed to develop blood
Zygote, Mesoderm, Blood
What do we call a cell that does not have any genes turned on or off
Stem cell
The study of changes in an organism caused by genes being turned on or off, not by the genome itself.
Epigenetics
What is the name of the shape of red blood cells?
Biconcave
Starting with a zygote, list all of the tissue stages needed to develop a liver
Zygote, endoderm, liver
How do cells specialize?
By turning on and off genes