Cell Cycle
Which two main phases does the cell cycle have?
Interphase and Mitosis/Meiosis
What is the purpose of mitosis?
The purpose of mitosis is to create body (somatic) cells to replace dead ones, to make the individual grow, and to heal wounds.
Four genetically different gametes are created.
In which stage do cells spend most of their lifetime in?
Interphase
What does the cell cycle prevent from happening regarding to cell production?
The cell cycle prevents the cells from reproducing wihtout control (causing cancer).
How many stages does mitosis have?
Mitosis has 4 stages.
The purpose of Meiosis is to create gametes for reproduction.
What is it called when the division of chromosomes goes wrong in meiosis?
Non-disjunction
Name the stages of the cell cycle.
G1, S, G2, M and G0
How many chromatids do the daugther cells end up having (each one)?
Each daugther cell ends up the process of mitosis having 46 chromatids.
Why does PMAT takes place two times?
PMAT takes place two times so that the cells divide two times, and the resulting cells end up becoming haploid cells.
Which chromosomal abnormality affects 1 in 700 babies in the United States?
Trisomy 21 (Down Syndrome)
What is the function of checkpoints in the cell cycle?
To check if the process is developing correctly in every step.
In which stages do the chromosomes align and separate?
Metaphase and Anaphase.
In which stage does crossing-over take place?
Crossing-over takes place in Prophase I
Which of the following processes are types of cell division?
A) Meiosis and Mitosis only
B) Mitosis only
C) Binary fission and meiosis
D) Meiosis, Mitosis and Binary Fission
D) Meiosis, Mitosis and Binary Fission
How many cells does the human body produce each day?
The human body produces around 2 trillion cells each day.
What happens in prometaphase?
In prometaphase, the mitotic spindles fish/capture the chromosomes, and the chromosomes finish condensing.
Which processes allow genetic variation?
Crossing-over and recombination are the processes which allow genetic variation.
Why are checkpoints important during cell division?
Checkpoints help the cell avoid mistakes in the replication of DNA, division of chromosomes, etc, to protect the organism from genetic diseases.