Mitosis
What is the main purpose of mitosis?
To produce two genetically identical daughter cells for growth and repair.
What is the primary purpose of meiosis?
To produce gametes (sperm and eggs) for sexual reproduction.
Growth, repair, and reproduction.
Name the phase where chromosomes are lined up in the middle of the cell.
Metaphase.
How many rounds of division occur in meiosis?
Two rounds (Meiosis I and Meiosis II).
Define interphase and its significance in the cell cycle.
Interphase is the phase where the cell grows and duplicates its DNA, preparing for division.
What happens to the chromosomes during anaphase?
The sister chromatids are pulled apart and move to opposite sides of the cell.
What happens during prophase I that is unique to meiosis?
Homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material through crossing over.
What phase follows interphase in the cell cycle?
Mitosis or meiosis, depending on the type of cell division.
How many times does the nucleus divide during mitosis?
Once.
Describe what happens to chromosomes number from the start of meiosis to the end.
The chromosome number is halved; diploid cells became haploid.
Identify the stage in the cell cycle where the cell spends most of its time.
Interphase.
Explain the significance of the G2 phase in the cell cycle.
The cell checks for DNA damage and prepares for mitosis.
What is crossing over and why is it important?
Crossing over is the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes, increasing genetic diversity.
What are the phases of the cell cycle?