CELLULAR DIVISION
What is the longest period of cellular division?
What is prophase?
What are the stages of mitosis?
What is Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase,
At what stage during meiosis does the replication of DNA takes place?
What is the S-phase? What is Interphase?
How does the number of cell divisions differ between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis has one division; meiosis has two.
How many daughter cells result from mitosis, and are they identical?
Two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and the parent cell.
What is the total number of stages/cycles that are related to interphase?
What is the number 3? G1, S, G2
How many haploid cells produced following the process of meiosis?
What is 4?
What is the difference between homologous chromosomes and sister chromatids?
Homologous chromosomes are pairs (one from each parent), sister chromatids are identical copies joined together
Which cell division produces diploid cells, and which produces haploid cells?
Mitosis produces diploid cells
meiosis produces haploid cells.
What is the chromosome number in daughter cells after meiosis compared to the parent cell?
Daughter cells have half the chromosome number (haploid) compared to the diploid parent cell.
What type of cells are produced during meiosis?
What are haploid cells? What are Gemetes?
During which phase do chromosomes line up in the center of the cell in mitosis?
Metaphase
How do chromosomes align during metaphase in mitosis and meiosis?
In mitosis, chromosomes line up individually; in meiosis I, homologous pairs line up side-by-side.
How do the purposes of mitosis and meiosis differ?
Mitosis is for growth and repair; meiosis is for producing gametes for sexual reproduction.
How does mitosis maintain the chromosome number of the original cell?
By replicating chromosomes before division and equally distributing sister chromatids.
During the process of Meiosis I in eukaryotic cells, what are the arrangement of the chromosomes?
What are homologous chromosomes? What is like railroad tracks?
During which stage of meiosis is "crossing-over" experienced?
What is Prophase I of Meiosis I?
Describe the position of the chromosomes during Metaphase II of meiosis?
What are chromosomes on the equator?
What role does crossing over play in meiosis but not in mitosis?
What is genetic variations? What is something that only happens in Meiosis?
What is the significance of producing genetically unique cells in meiosis?
It increases genetic variation, which is important for evolution and adaptation.
During the cell cycle in prokaryotic organisms, describe the three (3) stages in order?
What is interphase, cell division, and cytokinesis
When do sister chromatids separate in mitosis versus meiosis?
What is Anaphase and Anaphase II?
Describe the arrangement of the chromosomes during anaphase of mitosis in prokaryotic organism.
What is opposite poles of the cell?
How do the genetic outcomes of mitosis and meiosis different?
Mitosis produces genetically identical cells; meiosis produces genetically different cells.
What happens to the genetic material in cells that do not successfully complete mitosis or meiosis?
If cells fail to properly complete mitosis or meiosis, genetic material may be damaged or unevenly distributed which can then lead to mutations.