Mitosis
The phase of mitosis in which spindle fibers begin to shorten, separating sister chromatids and pulling them to opposite sides of the cell
What is anaphase?
The reproductive process that involves one parent and produces offspring identical to the parent
What is asexual reproduction?
The part of a chromosome that ties together two chromatids
What is a centromere?
The first of four phases in the cell cycle
What is G1?
The process through which a cell develops and specializes to perform a certain function
What is differentiation?
The division of the cytoplasm into two separate cells during cellular replication
What is cytokinesis?
A form of asexual reproduction in which a single-celled organism replicates its DNA and divides into identical cells
What is binary fission?
Two identical copies of chromatids produced by one chromosome
What are sister chromatids?
The longest phase of the cell cycle in which the cell grows, performs its functions, and, if it is going to divide, replicates its DNA
What is interphase?
A cell that is not part of the germ line (does not give rise to gametes)
What is a somatic cell?
The phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes line up along an imaginary line (the cell plate) in the middle of the cell
What is metaphase?
Cell division that results in the production of haploid gametes - sperm and egg
What is meiosis?
A singular linear or circular piece of DNA that contains some or all of an organism's genes
What is a chromosome?
The second of the four phases in the cell cycle
What is G2?
An organ or part's adaptation to a specific function
What is specialization?
The first phase of mitosis in which chromosomes condense, becoming visible; the nuclear membrane dissolves; the centrosomes move to opposite ends of the nucleus; and spindle fibers form
What is prophase?
The phase in a eukaryotic cell's cycle in which a single cell divides into two cells
What is mitosis?
Segments of DNA that encodes a protein or functional RNA
What is a gene?
The phase of the cell cycle in which the DNA is replicated
What is the S phase?
Cells that are structured to perform a specific function
What are specialized cells?
The phase of mitosis in which the genetic material has been separated and the nuclear membrane begins to reform to create two separate but identical nuclei
What is telophase?
The reproductive process involving two parents whose genetic material is combined to produce a new organism different from themselves
What is sexual reproduction?
Composed of DNA
What is chromatin?
The production of two daughter cells from a single progenitor cell
What is cell division?
An undifferentiated cell that can differentiate into one or more specialized cell types or divide to produce more undifferentiated cells
What are stem cells?