Plants
True/False: Plant cells are Prokaryotic organisms.
False
I am an organelle that looks like a folded stack of pancakes inside animal cells. While ribosomes get all the credit for building proteins, I am the one who actually does the hard work of sorting, packaging, and shipping them to their final destinations like a cellular post office.
Golgi body (Golgi Apparatus).
What organelle is the "powerhouse" of the cell?
Mitochondria
All living things are made of cells: True/False
True
Are animal eukaryotes or prokaryotes?
Eukaryotes
Chloroplasts contain stacks of membrane-bound discs called thylakoids, which contain this specific green pigment that absorbs sunlight to kickstart photosynthesis.
chlorophyll
If you look at a plant cell, its giant central vacuole stores water and destroys waste. In an animal cell, I am the specific, separate organelle that takes over that heavy-duty garbage disposal job, using harsh chemicals to dissolve old cell parts.
lysosome
What two organelles do plants have but animals lack?
Chloroplasts and Cell Wall
Who made the cell theory?
Matthius Schleider
What does photo mean in Photosynthesis?
Light
This large storage structure holds water and helps keep a plant from wilting.
Vacuole
I am the biological process that allows an animal cell membrane to be "choosy." Instead of letting everything pass through freely like an open door, I use specialized protein channels to allow certain molecules in while keeping harmful materials locked out.
semi-permeability
What organelle is semipermeable?
Cell membrane
This person improved the microscope and became the first person to observe live cells, which he originally calls "animalcules".
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
What is osmosis?
The movement of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane.
Unlike animal cell membranes, plant cell walls are rigid and durable because they are constructed out of this complex, fibrous carbohydrate.
cellulose
Brian, Ravi, and Max are making a 3D model of an animal cell for their science final.
Brian's Structure: A few tiny, stretchy balloons filled with water and dirt.
Ravi's Structure: Clear gelatin.
Max: Small beads.
What are each of their organelles and what are their functions?
Brian: Vacuole
Ravi: Cytoplasm
Max: Ribosomes
Organelles are the basic unit of life: True/False
False
One part of the cell theory states that all cells are produced from other cells by _____.
Cell division.
The opposite of cellular respiration is....
Photosynthesis
Marco, Jenna, and Ron are building a 3D model of a cell for a science project. Marco brings a hard plastic storage box to serve as the outer layer. Jenna contributes several tiny, active batteries to place inside. Ron puts one marble in the center.
Part A:
What might Marco's hard plastic storage box represent?
What might Jenna's tiny, active batteries represent?
What might Ron's marbles represent?
----------------
Part B: What are the functions of each piece?
Part A Answers:
Marco’s cardboard box represents the cell wall (because it is rigid, boxy, and provides outer structural support).
Jenna's active batteries represent the cell membrane (because it is a thin, flexible barrier that covers the cell).
Ron's marbles represent the nucleus.
_______________________________
Part B Answers:
Jenna: The function of the cell membrane (plastic wrap) is permeability. It protects the cell and controls exactly what molecules can enter or leave. It is a eukaryotic cell (also a plant cell).
Marco: The function of the cell wall is to provide structural support, protection, and a rigid shape for the cell. It acts like an exoskeleton, preventing the cell from bursting when it absorbs water. It can be found in prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) and some eukaryotic cells (plants and fungi). It can never be found in an animal cell.
Ron: The function of the nucleus is to acts as the cell's control center (or brain of the cell). Its job is to store and protect the cell's DNA and direct all cellular activities, such as growth and making proteins. It is found in only eukaryotic cells. That also means that prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus, leaving their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.
Essential for animal cell division (mitosis), these paired, barrel-shaped organelles organize the spindle fibers that pull chromosomes apart, a job handled differently in plants.
Centrioles
What goes through the smooth ER?
Lipids and Toxins
What is the difference between a Eukaryote and a Prokaryote?
Eukaryotes: Cells that have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles.
Prokaryotes: Cells that do not have a nucleus.
First person to believe in cells in 1665?
Robert Hooke