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Vocabulary
Cell Growth
Cell Division
Regulating the Cell Cycle
Mitosis
100
one of two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope
What is a centriole?
100
Before cell division occurs, the cell replicates, or copies, all of its DNA.
What happens before cell division?
100
G1, S, and G2.
Name the main events of the cell cycle.
100
disorder in which some of the body's own cells lose the ability to control growth
What is cancer?
100

part of cell division during which the cell nucleus divides

What is telophase?

200
process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells
What is cell division?
200
This replication of DNA solves the problem of information storage because each daughter cell gets one complete set of genetic information. Thus, each daughter cell receives its own genetic “library.”
How is a cell's DNA like the books in a library?
200
During prophase, the chromosomes become visible. During metaphase, the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell. During anaphase, the centromeres that join the sister chromatids split, allowing the sister chromatids to separate and become individual chromosomes. In telophase, the chromosomes, which were distinct and condensed, begin to disperse into a tangle of dense material.
Describe what happens during each of the four phases of mitosis.
200
they divide uncontrollably
What happens when cells do not respond to the signals that normally regulate their growth?
200
first and longest phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the nucleus
What is prophase?
300
one of two identical “sister” parts of a duplicated chromosome
What is chromatid?
300
Each daughter cell has an increased ratio of surface area to volume.
As a cell increases in size, which increases more rapidly, its surface area or its volume?
300

a period of growth and DNA replican of the cell cycle

Describe what happens during interphase.

300

When there is a change in DNA sequence.

What is a mutation?

300
second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell
What is metaphase?
400
area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached
What is the centromere?
400

replication of DNA solves the problem of information storage because each daughter cell gets one complete set of genetic information. Cell division also replaces old worn out cells.

What are two reasons why cells divide.

400

Chromosomes are made up of DNA, which carries the cell's coded genetic information, and proteins

What are sister chromatids?

400

Things that can cause a change in the DNA sequence and trigger uncontrolled cell division.

What is a mutagen?

400
the third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs separate and move toward opposite poles
What is anaphase?
500
fanlike microtubule structure that helps separate the chromosomes during mitosis
What is a spindle?
500

Before it becomes too large, a growing cell divides forming two “daughter” cells.

What is mitosis?

500

The process of cell division is a simple matter of separating the contents of the cell into two parts.

What is cytokinesis?

500

UV rays, Tobacco, preservatives.

What are examples of mutagens?

500
fourth and final phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes begin to disperse into a tangle of dense material
What is telophase?