Active Transport
Active transport goes from ___________ concentration to ____________ concentration.
low to high
What are the three types of passive transport?
1. diffusion
2. facilitated diffusion with a protein channel
3. osmosis
The main component of the cell membrane. It has hydrophobic tails and hydrophilic heads.
Phospholipids
Some molecules pass through the cell membrane easily, whereas others cannot. What is the name of this property of the cell membrane?
semipermeable/ selectively permeable
What type of solution do animals prefer?(hypertonic, hypotonic, isotonic)
Isotonic
What are the two types of active transport?
1. bulk transport
2. protein pumps
Passive transport goes from a ___________ concentration to a ____________ concentration.
high to low
This molecule’s primary function is to transport substances with facilitated diffusion.
Proteins
A substance, such as salt, that is being dissolved in a solution.
solute
What are the two types of bulk transport?
1. endocytosis
2. exocytosis
What is endocytosis?
The process where a cell absorbs or transports a very large molecule into the cell using energy.
How does facilitated diffusion work?
It uses a protein channel to organize the transport through the cell membrane.
This molecule regulates the fluidity of the membrane.
Cholesterol
DAILY DOUBLE
This term describes the number of molecules in a substance in a given area, such as the amount of salt in 20 ml of water.
Concentration
How does the cell membrane protect the cell?
It is selective about what can enter and exit the cell, filtering substances that may be harmful. Because of its phospholipid bilayer, it is also flexible and can adapt to extreme conditions.
What is exocytosis?
The process where a cell pushes or releases waste outside of the cell.
What are the three subtypes of osmosis?
1. hypotonic
2. hypertonic
3. isotonic
This molecule is used for cell identification.
Carbohydrates
The diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane.
osmosis
What is the difference between facilitated diffusion and simple diffusion found in passive transport?
Facilitate diffusion uses a protein channel.
Simple diffusion can pass molecules through the membrane without a protein such as those that are small, hydrophobic and has no charge.
What does a protein pump require that a protein channel does not?
ATP for energy.
A cell was placed in a solution. The cell had an initial mass of 85 g. After 24 hours of soaking in the solution, the mass grew to 105 g. What type of solution was the cell soaking in?
Hypotonic solution.
What are the four major parts of the cell membrane?
1. proteins
2. phospholipids
3. carbohydrates
4. cholesterol
A substance, such as water, that is dissolving another substance in a solution.
Solvent
A molecule moves into the cell using a protein channel. The molecule has moved from a higher concentration to a lower concentration. What type of transport is this?
Passive transport, specifically facilitated diffusion.