The process that cells use to break up sugars into a form that the cell can use as energy.
What is Cell Respiration?
100
Adenosine Triphosphate
What is the universal energy carrier?
100
The first step in Cell Respiration where glucose is broken down in ten steps to two molecules of pyruvate.
What is Glycolysis?
100
A process that does not involve the use of oxygen. Also means "without oxygen".
What is the definition of Anaerobic?
100
A process that involves the use of oxygen.
What is Aerobic Respiration?
200
Release of chemicals in the form of heat and light. A chemical reaction in which an atom or ion loses electrons, thus undergoing an increase in valence. Removing an electron from an iron atom having a valence of +2 changes the valence to +3.
What is Rapid Oxidation?
200
ATP has this arrangement where a molecular unit of adenosine coupled to a chain of three phosphate groups, thus the name, adenosine tri phosphate. The phosphate groups are held to each other by very high energy chemical bonds.
What makes ATP a universal energy carrier?
200
Involves splitting glucose into two molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) at the expense of 2 ATP molecules, but allows the subsequent energy-producing reactions to be doubled up with a higher net gain of ATP.
What is the first phase of Glycolysis?
200
Alcoholic Fermentation and Lactic Acid Fermentation
What is are the two main types of anaerobic pathways?
200
The process that aerobic cell respiration begins with
What is Glycolysis?
300
stored energy
What is potential energy?
300
The organelle within a eukaryotic cell where ATP is produced.
What is a mitochondria?
300
Converts G3P into pyruvate, with the concomitant generation of 4 ATP molecules, giving a net gain of 2 ATP per glucose molecule.
What is the second phase of Glycolysis?
300
Converts one mole of sucrose into four moles of ethanol and four moles of carbon dioxide, producing two moles of ATP in the process. The overall chemical formula for alcoholic fermentation is: C6H12O6 + Zymase → 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO. Sucrose is a dimer of glucose and fructose molecules.
What is Alcoholic Fermentation?
300
Gained through aerobic cell respiration.
What is ATP and pyruvate molecules?
400
The breakdown of organic molecules for ATP production in an anaerobic way.
What is fermentation?
400
Increases the surface area for chemical reactions that produce ATP.
What is the purpose of the folds in the inner sac of a mitochondrion?
400
A process that provides the cell with a small amount of energy, and, in aerobic cells, provides the starting materials for the complete oxidation of glucose to carbon dioxide and water.
What is the purpose of Glycolysis?
400
Occurs by converting pyruvate into lactate using the enzyme Lactate dehydrogenase and producing in the process. This process takes place in oxygen depleted muscle and some bacteria.
What is Lactic Acid Fermentation?
400
A total of 38 ATP is yielded.
What is the amount of ATP yielded from Aerobic Respiration?
500
The place where anaerobic cellular respiration occurs in the cell.
What is cytoplasm?
500
Offer an opening through which the built-up hydrogen ions can escape. As they exit through ATP synthase, they generate the energy required to bond the terminal phosphate on to ADP, converting it to ATP.
What is the role of ATP synthase?
500
That process occurs in the cell, and 2 ATP is yielded as a result.
Where does Glycolysis occur and how much ATP is yielded?
500
Yields a total of 2 ATP. Also is a process that occurs in the absence of oxygen.
What is the amount of ATP yielded in Anaerobic Respiration?
500
Anaerobic respiration makes a total of 2 ATP. While, Aerobic respiration is much more efficient and can produce up to 38 ATP with a single molecule of glucose.
What is the main difference between Anaerobic and Aerobic Respiration?