Cell Basics
What is the basic unit of life?
The cell
Which cell contains chloroplasts?
Plant cell
What is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration called?
Diffusion
What is a group of similar cells performing the same function called?
Tissue
What is a specialised cell?
A cell adapted to perform a specific function
What substance controls what enters and leaves the cell?
The cell membrane
What is the cell wall made of?
Cellulose
What type of solution causes a cell to swell?
Hypotonic solution
What do several tissues working together form?
An organ
DAILY DOUBLE!
Give one example of a specialised plant cell.
Root hair cell, xylem vessel, or guard cell
What is the jelly-like substance inside the cell where chemical reactions occur?
Cytoplasm
Name one function of the large vacuole in plant cells?
Stores water
Maintains turgor pressure
Which process requires energy to move substances across the cell membrane?
Active transport
Give one example of an organ in the human body
Heart; stomach; etc.
Give one example of a specialised animal cell.
Red blood cell, nerve cell, or sperm cell, etc.
Name the structure that controls the activities of the cell.
Nucleus
What is the function of the chloroplast?
Carry out photosynthesis
What happens to an animal cell placed in a hypertonic solution?
It shrinks (crenates) due to water loss
Explain how cells, tissues, organs, and systems are related.
Cells form tissues → tissues form organs → organs form organ systems → systems form the organism.
State one part of the Cell Theory.
All living things are made up of cells / Cells are the basic unit of life / Cells come from pre-existing cells
What is the total magnification if the eyepiece is 10× and the objective is 40×?400×
The mitochondria
Describe two differences between plant and animal cells.
Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts; animal cells do not.
Large vacuoles are found in plants; animal cells usually smaller more numerous vacuoles
DAILY DOUBLE!
Explain the difference between osmosis and diffusion.
Osmosis is the movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane; diffusion involves any substance moving from high to low concentration without a membrane.
Give an example of a plant tissue.
Xylem or phloem
Why is cell specialisation important in multicellular organisms?
It allows division of labour, improving efficiency of life processes.