A rigid membrane of the cell that forms external to plant cells.
What is the cell wall?
100
An organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur.
What is mitochondria?
100
A regulatory substance produced in an organism and transported in tissue fluids such as blood or sap to stimulate specific cells or tissues into action
What are hormones?
100
Stage where chromosomes are lined up along the center of the cell.
What is metaphase
200
Contains the genetic material of a cell.
What is the nucleus?
200
Acts as a buffer protecting the cell's genetic material, a mean to transport for genetic material, and the medium of suspension for the organelles
What is cytoplasm?
200
A series of steps by which a signal outside the cell causes a functional change inside the cell. Signal transduction pathways are important means of regulating numerous cellular functions in response to changes in the cell's chemical or physical environment.
What is a signal transduction pathway?
200
The first stage of cell division, during which the chromosomes become visible as paired chromatids and the nuclear envelope disappears.
What is prophase?
300
A complex of vesicles and folded membranes within the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells, involved in packaging and transport.
What is the golgi apparatus?
300
Contains acid hydrolase enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris.
What is lysosome?
300
Transmembrane protein with intrinsic ability to transfer phosphate groups to tyrosine residues contained in cellular substrates.
What is receptor tyrosine kinase?
300
The three purposes of mitosis
What is reproduction, growth, repair.
400
A network of membranous tubules within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell, continuous with the nuclear membrane. It usually has ribosomes attached and is involved in protein and lipid synthesis
What is the endoplasmic reticulum?
400
Serves as the main microtubule organizing center of the animal cell as well as a regulator of cell-cycle progression.
What is centrosome?
400
A large protein family of receptors that sense molecules outside the cell and activate inside signal transduction pathways and, ultimately, cellular responses.
What are G protein-coupled receptor?
400
Microfilaments that tightens to split a cell in two.
What is actin?
500
A small organelle that is present in the cytoplasm of many cells and that contains the reducing enzyme catalase and usually some oxidases
What is peroxisome?
500
Sites of protein synthesis, the location for translation.
What is ribosome?
500
A sequence of events where one enzyme phosphorylates another, causing a chain reaction leading to the phosphorylation of thousands of proteins
What is a phosphorylation cascade?
500
Spindle fibers attach to centromeres, chromosomes begin moving, and kinetochors connect centromeres to centrioles.