Cells
This cellular structure is composed of a phospholipid bilayer and is essential for maintaining the integrity and functionality of the cell by controlling the movement of substances in and out.
Plasma Membrane
What is the dense, hard layer of bone tissue that lies underneath the periosteum?
Compact bone
What is the primary protein that gives skin its strength and elasticity
Collagen
What's the stage of mitosis that aligns along the cell equator
Metaphase
What type of cellular transport does not require energy to move molecules
Passive transport
This double-membraned organelle is crucial for energy production in eukaryotic cells and is often referred to as the powerhouse of the cell.
Mitochondrion
What type of bone tissue is found at the ends of long bones and contains bone marrow
Spongy bone
What are the small, hair-like structures on the surface of the skin called
Hair shaft
During which phase of mitosis does the nuclear envelope break down and the mitotic spindle start to form
Prophase
What type of cellular transport requires energy to move molecules against their gradient
Active Transport
These structures provide strong adhesion between cells in tissues like the skin
Desmosomes
What is the name of the long, central shaft of a long bone
Diaphysis
Which layer of the skin is the outermost layer that provides a barrier against the environment
Epidermis
During which phase do sister chromosomes separate and move apart
Anaphase
What type of cellular transport involves carrier proteins to help move molecules across the cell membrane without using energy
Facilitated diffusion
What structures connect adjacent cells to allow the passage of ions and small molecules
Gap Junctions
What's the name of the connective tissue that covers the outer surface of bones
Periosteum
Which layer of the skin underlies the epidermis and is primarily responsible for sensing touch, pressure, and pain due to its nerve endings
Dermis
What are the phases of mitosis in order
Prophase, Metaphase, and Anaphase
What is the process called when cells engulf large particles or liquids into vesicles for transport into the cell
Endocytosis
What structures create seal between adjacent cells to prevent the passage of substances
Tight junctions
What are the ends of long bones called
Epiphyses
What is the role of keratinocytes in the skin
To produce Keratin (protein that gives skin its protective properties)
During what phase of mitosis does the nuclear envelope re-form around each set of chromosomes
Telophase
What is the process called when the cell releases substances to the outside by suing a vesicle with the cell membrane
Exocytosis