Cell theory
The theory stating that: all things are made of cells; cells are the basic unit of life; all cells come from other cells
What is Cell Theory?
A cell with no nucleus
What is a prokaryotic cell?
What the discovery of cells and their importance to life depended on.
The development of the microscope
Specialized structures within the cell that work together to help the cell function
Organelles
The powerhouse of the cell that has two parts: the inner membrane and the matrix (the fluid part) who deals with cellular respiration and breaks down chemical energy in food to release useable energy (ATP)
The Mitochondria
Organisms made of one cell.
What is a unicellular organisms?
A cell with a nucleus
The first to describe cells in cork.
Robert Hooke (1660’s)
The organelle that has ribosomes on the surface and hugs the nucleus whose job is to make and pack proteins for secretion to be sent to Golgi.
The Rough ER.
The organelle that is made of proteins and has threadlike fibers whose job is to give a cell its structure and provide structural support for animal cells.
The Cytoskeleton
The two types of cells; one with a nucleus, the other without.
These cells can be unicellular or multicellular. (The other is always unicellular)
Eukaryotic cells
The scientist(s) who developed the original cell theory.
Theodore Schwann and Matthias Schleiden (1830’s)
A folded membrane that gets vesicles of protein from the ER and processes, sorts, and ships proteins where necessary. Acts almost like an amazon package.
The Golgi apparatus
An organelle in plant cells only that contains two parts (the grana;stacks, and the stroma;fluid) that is where photosynthesis happens.
The chloroplast
Organisms composed of multiple cells that may organize into tissue —> organs —> organ systems.
What are multicellular organisms?
Prokaryotic cells
The scientist(s) who gave the last tenet of the cell theory— cells come from existing cells
Rudolph Virchow (1855)
The organelle inside of the nucleus whose job is to make RNA which make up ribosomes.
The Nucleolus.
Vacuoles.
The four organelles that all cells have.
What are Genetic material (DNA or RNA), the cytoplasm, cell membrane, and ribosomes?
Examples of these cells include bacteria & archaea (the other cell’s examples include plants animals, fungi)
Prokaryotic cells
The scientist(s) who improved the microscope and observed bacteria and protoz…
Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1670’s)
The organelle containing enzymes that breaks down waste and can do programmed cell death (apoptosis)
Lysosomes (in animal cells only!)
Organelles that are associated with the cytoskeleton. One of which is shorter & more numerous and the other taller & fewer (1-3) that moves fluid across the cell’s surface, the other moving the entire cell throughout extracellular fluid.
The Cilia (shorter, more numerous, moves the fluid) and the Flagella (taller, fewer, moves the entire cell)