Osmosis and Diffusion
Transport Mechanisms
The Cell Membrane
Passive Transport
Active Transport
Photosynthesis and respiration
Cells, organelles, and Microscopes
100
This organelle is involved in the transport of things in and out of the cell in osmosis and diffusion.
What is the cell membrane?
100
When cells move in and out of the cell using the cell membrane and a vesicle, the process is either __________ or _________________.
What is What are endocytosis and exocytosis?
100
The composition of the cell membrane.
What is a phospholipid bilayer?
100
Passive transport requires no energy to move molecules from an area of _______ concentration to an area of ________ concentration.
What is from high to low concentration?
100
The cell using its own energy to move molecules across the plasma membrane against the concentration gradient is known as
What is active transport?
100
The formula below represent this process.
6CO₂ + 6H₂O + light energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
Photosynthesis
100
A specimen is viewed under a light microscope with the 10x objective and 10x eyepiece. What is the total magnification the specimen is viewed at?
100x
200
This process occurs when substances move in and out of the cell from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.
What is Diffusion?
200
The primary difference between passive transport and active transport is that active transport uses __________ while passive transport does not.
What is energy?
200
Since the fatty acid tails of the phospholipid bilayer are ____________ the cell membrane is selectively permeable.
What is hydrophobic?
200
The passive transport mechanism by which small, nonpolar molecules like oxygen and carbon dioxide or lipid soluble molecules pass directly through the cell membrane.
What is simple diffusion?
200
Energy for the Sodium-Potassium pump comes from this molecule.
What is ATP?
200
Photosynthesis produces glucose for the plant. Describe how glucose is used in both plant and animal cells.
Glucose gets rearranged with oxygen to create ATP energy in the process of cellular respiration.
200
Which factor contributed most to the development of the cell theory?
The improvement in microscopes and microscopic techniques during the last two centuries
300
Higher concentration of dissolved substance in relation to another solution.
What is Hypertonic?
300
When small particles enter the cell using a protein, but no energy, this type of transport mechanism is being used.
What is facilitated diffusion?
300
The __________ ___________ of the membrane are directed to the outside of the cell membrane in contact with the cytoplasm and extracellular fluid.
What are the polar (phosphate) heads?
300
Passive Transport occurs ___________the concentration gradient.
What is with/along?
300
Describe the role of a protein pump in the movement of molecules against their gradient across the membrane.
The protein pump uses ATP energy which causes it to change shape when the large molecule is bound. This allows the molecule into the cell.
300
Why is respiration important to both plant and animals?
Respiration produces ATP energy in both types of organisms.
300
Which organelles is the site of photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
Chloroplast and Mitochondria
400
This process occurs when water moves in and out of the cell.
What is Osmosis?
400
The transport mechanism that brings large particles into the cell using the cell membrane and a vesicle is called this.
What is Endocytosis?
400
These macromolecules are embedded in the cell membrane and serve a number of functions. Some function as channels or membrane pores; others as carrier molecules. Some bind signal molecules while others play a role in cell recognition.
What are proteins?
400
Mechanism of glucose transport across cell membranes.
What is facilitated diffusion (through a carrier protein)?
400
Energy for the cell is produced in this organelle.
What is the mitochondrion?
400
What is the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration? Explain how the products are recycled.
Photosynthesis produces glucose and oxygen. Glucose and oxygen are reactants in respiration. The products of respiration, CO2 and H2O, are reactants in photosynthesis.
400
When an Elodea leaf is placed in a concentrated salt solution, its cells lose water. When this process is observed with a compound light microscope, which organelle is more noticeable after the cells lose water?
The cell membrane and or cytoplasm
500
Difference in concentration across a membrane.
What is Concentration Gradient?
500
Describe the how a molecule of glucose would move into a cell when the concentration is already high inside the cell.
Active transport: energy is required to move molecules against the concentration gradient.
500
The state in which the distribution of a substance is even across the cell membrane.
What is equilibrium?
500
What solution has a concentration of solutes is the same inside and out?
What is Isotonic?
500
Active transport uses energy to move molecules ________ their concentration gradient from _______ to ________ concentration.
What is "against" their concentration gradient from low concentration to high concentration?
500
Explain how photosynthesis could be used as a carbon sequestration strategy.
Plants taken in CO2 for photosynthesis and rearrange it with H2O to make glucose, therefore reducing CO2 in the atmosphere.
500
a Write the letter of one of the labeled organelles and state the name of that organelle.
b Identify the function of that organelle.
c Identify a system in the human body that performs a function similar to that of the organelle you selected in part a.
Responses will vary