Organelles 1
What is ATP?
Adenosine triphosphate (Energy!)
Which organelle is found only in animal cells?
Lysosomes.
What is a macromolecule?
large organic molecule that can be a part or unit of a large organic molecule.
What do cells make up?
Every living thing!
What are products?
After the reaction is over, the substrate turns into a new substance AKA product.
What do semi-permeable and impermeable mean?
Semi-permeable: Only certain stuff can enter and exit the cell.
Impermeable: Doesn’t allow liquid or gas to enter or exit the system
What are the different types of Endoplasmic Reticulum(ER)?
Smooth and rough; rough has ribosomes embedded on it while smooth has nothing attached to it.
What are the macromolecules and examples of them?
Carbohydrates - Glucose, starch, and cellulose
Lipids - Fats, oils, cholesterol, and phospholipids
Proteins - Enzymes, keratin (hair and nails), and antibodies
Nucleic Acids - DNA & RNA
What is Cell Theory?
All organisms are made of cells. The cell is the basic unit of life in all living things. All cells come from older, existing cells.
Where do enzyme reactions take place?
What is a cell membrane made out of?
Phospholipid bilayer
What are the differences in plant and animal cells?
Plant cells have chloroplasts, cell walls, and bigger vacuoles but they have no lysosomes. Animal cells have all other organelles except chloroplasts and cell walls.
What are the monomers for the 4 macromolecules?
Carbohydrates - monosaccharides
Proteins - amino acids
Nucleic Acids - nucleotides
Lipids - fatty acids
True or False: Cells MUST contain DNA.
True.
How do enzyme reactions stop?
After the substrate runs out and changes completely to a new substance.
Name 10 different organelles and their functions.
Cytoplasm, Cell membrane, Cell wall, Nucleus, Nucleolus, Nuclear Membrane, Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), Mitochondria, Ribosomes, Golgi Apparatus (Golgi Body), Vacuoles, Lysosomes, Chloroplasts
What are the 2 types of cells and their differences?
Prokaryotic/Simple cells (no nucleus) & Eukaryotic/Complex cells (has nucleus)
Which macromolecule is involved in almost every function in the human body?
Proteins
Why is the cell considered the "basic unit of life" across all biological sciences?
It's the smallest structural and functional unit capable of performing all processes of life.
What is the suffix for enzymes?
-ase
What process do ribosomes control?
Protein synthesis.
What is embedded in the phospholipid bilayer?
What is your peer tutor's name? 👀
Pierce
Why is Robert Hooke important?
He gave cells their names.
Describes the "lock-and-key" model of enzyme action?
The active site has a rigid, pre-formed shape that compliments/fits with the substrates perfectly.