Theories
The idea that living things come from nonliving things
What is a cell wall?
Tough, rigid outer covering that protects the cell and gives it shape
What is a nucleus?
The control center of the cell and the place where the hereditary material is.
In what type of cell is a cell wall found?
Plant cells
Describe what is in a prokaryotic cell
Cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes and hereditary material
What is biogenesis?
Theory that living things come only from other living things
What is cytoplasm?
It is a gelatin-like substance within the cell membrane that holds everything together.
What is a mitochondria?
It is the powerhouse of the cell and releases energy
In what type of cells are organelles found?
Only in eukaryotic cells
What is the connection between a vacuole and a lysosome?
Which theory is accepted today (biogenesis or spontaneous generation)?
Biogenesis
What is a cytoskeleton?
It is what helps the cell keep or change its shape. It is made of thin, hollow tubes and thin solid fibers made of protein.
What is a chloroplast?
It uses chlorophyll to capture sunlight and make food for the cell.
What is a chromosome?
It is DNA, tightly wound up.
What is cell theory?
The idea that cells are the basic unit of life and that cells come from other cells.
What is a ribosome?
A ribosome is a protein making factory.
What is a membrane?
A thin, flexible covering
Where are ribosomes found?
in the rough ER or in the cytoplasm
What is the Urey-Miller experiment?
Stanley L. Miller and Harold Urey tested Oparin’s hypothesis and showed that the compounds in living things could be made in Earth's early atmosphere
How did microscopes help the creation of cell theory?
It provided the evidence scientists needed. They could now see the cells and watch them divide.
What is the endoplasmic reticulum?
It processes materials and readies them for later use. The rough ER works with proteins and the smooth ER works with fats.
What is a Golgi body?
It puts finishing touches on proteins and packages them into vesicles
Where are ribosomes made?
The nucleolus within the nucleus
What is Oparin's hypothesis?
Russian scientist Alexander Oparin suggested that Earth’s atmosphere had no oxygen but other gases. He hypothesized that these these gases could have combined to make more complex compounds that make up living things