Membrane Processes (Active vs. Passive)
Are considered “active”
Absorptive or excretory processes that require energy are what?
A.) Intracellular fluid
B.) Extracellular fluidC.) expressed in mEq/L
B.)What is the fluid outside the cell?
C.)How are electrolyte concentrations expressed?
Resuscitation
Replacement
Maintenance
What are the three phases of fluid therapy?
Moves freely among intracellular, interstitial, and intravascular fluid compartments in the body, based on changes in in the osmolality of the fluid in each compartment
What is water?
In mitosis: Somatic cells A.K.A body cells.
In meiosis: Gametes A.K.A reproductive cells
In what type of cells in mitosis and meiosis does division occur?
A.) Passive Processes
B.) Active processes
A.) What processes do not use ATP?
B.) What processes use ATP?
Range in size, level of abundance, and weather or not they have an electrical charge.
-Electrolytes
-Cations
-Anions
-Acids
-Bases
What are solutes?
In sick animals, it is lost more rapidly as a result of vomiting, diarrhea, excessive sweating, hemorrhage, and elevated body temperatures.
What is insensible water loss?
A common sign of an abnormal movement of fluid from the vascular space into the interstitial space.
What is edema?
A): Helps an animal grow and repair tissue. Produces identical cells as well as increase the number of cells
B): Ensures the genetic makeup of each new animal is unique. Produces gametes for sexual reproduction.
What is the purpose of division of the cells in mitosis and meiosis?
A): Mitosis
B): Meiosis
-Active transport
-Endocytosis
-Exocytosis
What are the active processes of the membrane processes?
Measurement of solute concentration in fluid
High __________= High concentration of solutes
What is osmolality?
The small amount of water that is produced as the by-product of cellular metabolism
What is water of oxidation or metabolic water?
Isotonic
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
What are the fluid therapy names?
BONUS: Describe each therapy
A.) 4 cells
B.) 2 cells
C.) 2 divisions
D.) 1 division
A/B: How many cells are left after division?
C/D: how many divisions occur?
A, C: meiosis
B, D: mitosis
-Diffusion
-Facilitated diffusion
-Osmosis
-FiltrationWhat are the passive processes of the membrane process?
-Hydration status
-Hyperglycemia
-Functioning of hypothalamus
-Poisoning by ethylene glycol
What may cause a serum osmolality test to be done?
Extracellular fluid found in lymphatic and blood vessels
What is intravascular fluid?
Used to maintain hydration, to treat dehydration, and to address ongoing fluid loss. It is also commonly used to maintain venous access during surgical procedures and in patients receiving intravenous medications.
What is fluid therapy?
Which is mitosis? Which is meiosis?
1A.) Diploid
2B.) Daughter cells identical to parent cell
3C.) Daughter cells identical to each other
A.) Haploid
B.) Daughter cells are not identical to parent cells
C.) Daughter cells are not identical to each other
1A,2B,3C: Mitosis
A,B,C: Meiosis
A.) Are daughter cells diploid or haploid?
B.) Are daughter cells identical to the parent cell?
C.) Are daughter cells identical to each other?
A.) Cells engulfs solid substances
B.) Cells engulf liquid substances
C.) Specialized protein receptors bind to igands specific to receptors
What is:
A.) Phagocytosis (cell eating)
B.) Pinocytosis (cell drinking)
C.) Receptor mediated
-Large, not as numerous
-Evenly distributed among fluid compartments
-Constitute bulk of solutes
Examples: soluble proteins, phospholipids, cholesterol, and triglycerides
What are organic molecules?
Extracellular fluid found outside the vessels and surrounding cells
What is interstitial fluid?
Fluid that are composed of water that is rich in many different electrolytes. The solution can be either hypotonic or isotonic.
Good for rehydrating extravascular spaces.
Are also useful in correcting acid—base imbalances
What are crystalloid fluids?
The offspring would have double the amount of chromosomes they are supposed to have and would not be able to survive.
Why could mitosis NOT provide for the sexual reproduction of offspring that have the same number of chromosomes as the parents?