Cells
What is the basic unit of structure and function in living things?
cells!
What are the tiny structures inside a cell called? They carry out specific function within the cell.
organelles
What does selectively permeable mean?
some substances can pass through the membrane while others cannot.
A series of events in which the cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells.
The cell cycle
Which organelle does photosynthesis occur in?
Chloroplasts
What technology helped in the discovery of the cell?
The microscope
This organelle is a thin, flexible barrier that surrounds a cell and controls what goes in and out.
cell membrane
Name 1 difference between Passive and Active Transport.
- Active requires energy, passive does not
-Passive moves material from high to low concentration. Active moves from low to high
The cell spends most of its life in this stage of the cell cycle growing and duplicating its DNA.
Interphase
What is the difference between heterotrophs and autotrophs.
autotrophs- make their own energy through photosynthesis.
Heterotrophs- get their energy from eating other organisms.
What is the magnification of a microscope with a 10x eyepiece and a objective lens of 4x?
10 x 4= 40 times
This large organelle contains the cell's genetic material(DNA) and controls many of the cell's activities.
Nucleus
What are the 3 types of Passive Transport?
-Diffusion: small particles can just pass through the membrane.
-facilitated diffusion: uses protein channels to help molecules pass through the membrane.
-Osmosis: diffusion of water through protein channels.
What are 4 functions of cell division?
repair, replace, grow, and reproduce
All living things must use this process to convert glucose into useable energy for the cell. Byproducts are carbon dioxide and water.
cellular respiration
Name a biological function that all cells must be able to do.
obtain energy, bring in nutrients, get rid of waste, and reproduce
These are the 2 energy capturing organelles in cells. 1 is found in both plants and animals and 1 is only found in plant cells.
Mitochondrion and chloroplasts
Why do cells need to maintain homeostasis?
So they have all the chemicals they need to maintain life.
What are the 3 main stages of the cell cycle?
Interphase, Mitosis(or Meiosis), Cytokinesis
reactants- Carbon dioxide and water
products- glucose and oxygen
Name the 3 key points to the cell theory.
- All cells come from other cells.
- Cells are the basic unit of all life.
- All living things contain cells.
What are three differences between plant and animal cells?
-Plant cells have a cell wall, animals do not.
-Plant cells have chloroplasts, animals do not.
- Plant cells have a larger central vacuole for storing extra water.
What is endocytosis? Is it Active or Passive Transport?
When the cell takes in larger materials by changing shape and engulfing the particle. It is a type of Active transport.
What are the 4 stages of Mitosis. Describe/Draw what happens in each.
Prophase- Nuclear membrane dissolves, DNA is condensed into chromosomes (X)
Metaphase- chromosomes line up along the Middle of the cell.
Anaphase- chromosomes are split Apart and the chromatids start to travel to separate ends of the cell.
Telophase- chromatids arrive at their separate ends of the cell and two nuclear membranes form around them to create 2 nuclei.
How would you describe the relationship between the reactants and products of photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
They are opposites. Reactants of one process are the products of the other.