Organelles
These are specialized structures within the cell that work together to help the cell function
Organelles
All living things are made of cells organisms can be either multicellular or what?
Unicellular
The simple diffusion of water across the cell membrane is called what?
Osmosis
Interphase is the longer; growth phase of the cell cycle consisting of what three parts?
G1, S, G2
What is the difference between active and passive transport?
Active transport requires energy!
This organelle is made of two layers, and surrounds the outside of ALL cells. It controls what goes in and out of the cell.
Cell (plasma) Membrane
Do prokaryotic cells have membrane bound organelles?
No!
Water Molecules move ______ a concentration gradient, from high [water] to an area of low [water] until ________ is reached
(need both to get right)
down, equilibrium
What is the word for one long continuous thread of DNA that consists of thousands of genes and regulatory information. When duplicated is shaped like an 'X'
Chromosome!
need of an organism to stay stable by regulating internal conditions with positive or negative feedback loops.
Homeostasis
This organelle contains genetic material (DNA) protecting it and controlling the activities around the cell.
Nucleus
What type of cells are prokayotes?
Bacteria!
In a hypertonic solution, the water concertation is lower than within the cell’s cytoplasm leading to the cell to ____________?
lose water and shrivel
What occurs during S phase?
DNA replication occurs, doubling the number of chromosomes
Much of homeostasis on the cellular level is maintained by the _________________ controlling the movement of things in and out of the cell.
Cell Membrane
This Organelle is made of proteins and rRNA found floating around the cytoplasm and on the rough ER. Its job is to make proteins!
Ribosomes
What types of Eukaryotes have a cell wall?
In a isotonic solution, the water concertation is lower than within the cell’s cytoplasm leading to the cell to ____________?
stay the same!
In what stage of mitosis do you see sister chromatids separate, pulling away from each other and becoming individual chromosomes.
Anaphase
A molecular pump is used in active transport to move waste or nutrients against a concentration gradient through what type of protein in a cell membrane?
Transport Protein.
This organelle is in animal cells only. It contains proteins called enzymes which break down dead materials and are responsible for the process of Apoptosis (cell death)
Lysosomes
How do prokaryotic cells divide?
Binary Fission
Using osmosis, explain why cells need to be small
Surface area to volume ratio needs to be high in order for water to diffuse evenly throughout the cell
At what stage of Mitosis do the nuclear membranes re-forms around chromosomes at each pole.
Telophase
__________ is a form of active transport which uses vesicles to move large particles into the cell. (Ex. When white blood cells engulf bacteria in order to fight infection.)
Endocytosis