Organelles
Where food is broken down during cellular respiration so ATP can be released to be used by the cell.
What is the Mitochondria?
A repeated pattern of growth, DNA duplication and cell division that occurs in eukaryotic cells. It has 2 purposes, growth and repair.
What is the Cell Cycle?
One long continuous thread of DNA that consists of thousands of genes and regulatory information.
What are Chromosomes?
The cell cycle is controlled by a chemical control system that starts and stops in the cell cycle. Protein plays a key role!
What is the regulation of the cell cycle?
Specialized structures within the cell that work together to help the cell function.
What is an Organelle?
Made of microtubes, help the cell divide by pulling chromosomes. Only found in animal cells.
What are Centrioles/Centrosomes?
The growth phase of the cell cycle. Gap 1 phase= cell grows and makes proteins. Synthesis phase= DNA replication occurs, doubling the # of chromosomes. Gap 2 phase= more cell growth and protein synthesis.
What is the Interphase?
One half of a duplicated chromosome. Sister chromatids are 2 identical chromatids.
What are Chromatids?
Signals that come from outside the cell; hormones, nutrients, etc.
Signals that come from the cell's own nucleus; DNA inside of the cell.
What is the External?
What is the Internal?
Need of an organism to stay stable by regulating internal conditions.
What is Homeostasis?
Processes and sorts proteins to be shipped
What is the Golgi Apparatus?
The division phase of the cell cycle. 1 cell becomes 2 identical daughter cells. Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase.
What is Mitosis?
Region of the condensed chromosomes that loooks pinched.
What is Centromere?
Critical point where "stop" and "go" signals can regulate the cycle. Cell division is mostly in the "off" position in animal cells if there is no stimulus present.
What are Checkpoints?
Undifferentiated cells that become differentiated into one or more types of specialized cells.
What are Stem Cells?
Made of proteins. Provides structural support for animal cells only.
What is the Cytoskeleton?
Pray More At The Church.
What is Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase?
Ends of the DNA molecule.
What is the Telomere?
Programmed cell death. External/Internal signals activate genes that produce self-destructive enzymes.
What is Apoptosis?
Clumps of cells that divide uncontrollably.
What is a Tumor?
Covered with ribosomes and surrounding the nucelus
What is the Rough ER?
The division of the cytoplasm into 2 individual cells. In plant cells: cell plate forms midway between divided nuclei and gradually develops into a membrane, end result 2 identical body cells. In animal cells: Forms a cleavage furrow that pinches the cell into 2 equal parts.
What is Cytokinesis?
At the end of interphase the cell has 2 full sets of chromosomes.
What does the S phase do?
Exposure to ___________ = cancer causing agents; chemicals that cause cancer by mutating DNA.
Carcinogens
Spreading of disease from one organ to others.
What is Metastasize?