All About Plant Cells
What structure in plant cells allows them to make their own food?
Chloroplast
Do animal cells have a cell wall?
No
An organism made of only one cell is called what?
Unicellular
Which type of cell has a nucleus?
Eukaryotic
What organelle is known as the “powerhouse of the cell”?
Mitochondria
What is the main function of the cell wall?
Provides support and protection
What organelle controls the activities of the cell?
Nucleus
An organism made of many cells is called what?
Multicellular
Which type of cell is simpler and smaller?
Prokaryotic
What does the cell membrane control?
What enters and leaves the cell
Which organelle stores water and helps maintain plant cell shape?
Central vacuole
Which organelle is responsible for breaking down waste?
Lysosome
Which type of organism depends on different cells working together to survive, and why?
Multicellular
Do prokaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles?
No
What is the function of ribosomes?
Protein synthesis (makes proteins)
Why do plant cells appear more rectangular than animal cells?
Because of the rigid cell wall
Why are animal cells more flexible in shape than plant cells?
They do not have a rigid cell wall
Why are multicellular organisms usually able to grow larger and more complex than unicellular organisms?
Because they have many specialized cells that work together, allowing for more complex structures and functions
Give an example of a prokaryotic organism.
Bacteria
How does the endoplasmic reticulum help the cell?
Transports materials (rough ER makes proteins, smooth ER makes lipids)
How do chloroplasts and mitochondria work together in plant cells?
Chloroplasts make glucose, mitochondria break it down for energy
Explain how mitochondria help animal cells survive.
They produce energy (ATP) from food
A multicellular organism has a group of cells that stop working properly. Predict how this might affect the organism compared to a unicellular organism with damage to its only cell.
Multicellular may still survive but with problems (since other cells can still function); unicellular would likely die because it only has one cell
Explain two major differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Eukaryotic cells have nucleus + membrane bound organelles; prokaryotic cells do not
Explain how the nucleus, ribosomes, and ER work together to make proteins.
Nucleus sends instructions → ribosomes build proteins → ER transports them