Organelles & Their Functions
Ribosome
What type of cell is a bacterial cell?
Bacteria
What organelle is required for photosynthesis?
Chloroplast
List the four macromolecules.
Proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates
What is the monomer of a carbohydrate?
Monosaccharide (simple sugar)
Which organelle is the “powerhouse of the cell”? What does it make?
Mitochondria, ATP
Name FIVE structures found in all cells
Ribosome, DNA, Cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria
What TWO organelles in a plant cell have their own DNA?
Which macromolecule runs the body by making up enzymes, antibodies, hormones, etc?
Proteins
What is the monomer of a protein?
Amino acids
What organelle breaks down waste and old cell parts using enzymes?
Lysosomes
What's the difference between a eukaryote and a prokaryote?
Eukaryotes=have nucleus
Prokaryotes= no nucleus
What THREE organelles do plant cells have that animal cells do not?
Large central vacuole, chloroplast, cell wall
Which macromolecule stores genetic information?
Nucleic acids
What is the monomer of nucleic acids?
Nucleotides
What process describes programmed cell death?
Apoptosis
What FOUR kinds of eukaryotic organisms are there?
Name ONE structure animals have that plants do not.
Lysosomes or centrioles
Which macromolecule provides triglycerides, phospholipids, and waxes for our body?
Lipids
List the TWO monomers of a lipid.
Glycerol and fatty acid
What are the two components of the cytoskeleton and how are they shaped?
Microtubules- thicker
Microfilaments- thin
Explain how DNA location differs between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Eukaryotes have DNA in their nucleus.
Why do plant cells have chloroplasts AND mitochondria?
(answer may vary)Chloroplasts make glucose; mitochondria turn it into ATP.
Which macromolecule is used for the structure of hemoglobin, bones, hair, and horns of animals?
Protein
Which macromolecule contains the elements CHONP?
Nucleic acids (DNA & RNA)