Cell Types
A cell that can live/survive on its own is called
this.
What is a Unicellular organism?
The term “Organelle” translates to this.
What is tiny organ?
One of the three parts of the cell theory is this:
1.What is that all living organisms are made of
cells – or –
2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and
function for living organisms –or –
3. All new cells come from existing cells
What is a compound microscope?
A compound light microscope has a greater
magnification and produces a 2-D image.
True or false (and explain), the cell wall has a
similar function to the cell membrane
False; the wall provides a rigid support
system (like scaffolding) around the cell, while
the membrane regulates what enters and exits
the cell.
These types of cells lack a nucleus, most
organelles, and are the simplest type of cells
What are prokaryotes?
The cell membrane’s job is to maintain
homeostasis by doing this.
What is to regulate the passage of
substances into and out of the cell?
According to macroevolution, this type of cell was
the first type of organism to evolve on planet
earth.
Prokaryote
Objects must have these features in order to be
seen (in detail) using the microscopes in class.
What is thin and transparent?
This is the total magnification if the ocular lens
has a magnification of 20x and the objective lens
being used has magnification of 40x
20 x 40 = 800x
Eukaryotic cells have these features.
What are larger cells, a nucleus, and
many organelles that are surrounded by a
membrane?
Sunlight is used to produce energy-rich
compounds in which structure.
What is the chloroplast?
Why did it take so long between the first use of
the term cell and the development of the cell
theory?
The discoveries were compiled over
years to form a strong explanation of the cell
theory.
When viewing an object through the microscope,
it will appear _________ and ________
compared to the same object using your naked
eye.
What is upside down and backwards
These organisms are part of the Eukaryote
domain, but are not plants, animals or fungi.
What are protists?
One example of prokaryotes, and two examples
of Eukaryotes are these:
Prokaryotes: What are bacteria and Archaea
Eukaryotes: What are plants, animals, fungi,
protists
These are the cell structures that exist in plant
cells that do not exist in animal cells
What are the Central Vacuole,
Chloroplast, and Cell Wall?
What is the difference between a scientific
theory and a scientific law?
What is a theory is based on the most
current experimental data and may change as
new technology and discoveries are made.
This is the part of the microscope
that you must adjust if the field of
view is too dark or bright.
What is the diaphragm
Contrast the shape and growth of streptobacillus
and staphylococcus bacteria
“strep”-grows in chains
“bacillus” – rod shaped
“staph” – grows in bunches (like
grapes)
“Coccus” – spherical cells
The cells in multicellular vs. unicellular
organisms differ in these ways.
What are that Cell specialize in function
in multicellular organisms, allowing them to do
one job more efficiently, but they can’t survive
on their own, like in unicellular organisms.
Explain how the chloroplast and mitochondria
perform the opposite functions.
The chloroplast requires an input of
energy (sunlight) to make glucose, while the
mitochondrion produces usable energy by
breaking glucose. The ingredients that enter
one are the products that come out of the other.
Explain how the mitochondria and chloroplasts
evolved.
The mitochondria and chloroplasts were
once free-living, prokaryotic cells that were
engulfed by larger cells billions of years ago.
Instead of being digested (like normal), they
became beneficial parts of the larger cell.
What is the difference between the transmission
electron microscope (TEM) and the scanning
electron microscope (SEM)?
The TEM produces a 2D image and is higher power where
the SEM produces a 3D image and has a lower power.
Contractile Vacuoles are found in many of these
types of organisms, and function to maintain
homeostasis by doing this.
What are protists, and they pump
excess water out of protist cells, preventing
them from lysing (rupturing) and dying.