Cell Organelles
What part of the cell controls all activities and contains the DNA?
Nucleus
What is the main function of the cell membrane?
Controls what enters and leaves the cell
What organelle does photosynthesis occur in?
Chloroplast
What organelle does cellular respiration take place in?
Mitochondria
What are the two main types of cells?
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic
What organelle is known as the “powerhouse of the cell”?
Mitochondria
The movement of water across a cell membrane is called ________.
Osmosis
What is the main goal of photosynthesis?
To make glucose (food) for the plant
What is the purpose of cellular respiration?
To release energy (ATP) from food (glucose)
Which type of cell does NOT have a nucleus?
Prokaryotic
What are 3 differences between plant and animal cells?
Animal: Centrioles, lysosomes
Molecules move from high to low concentration in ________ transport.
Passive
How do plants get carbon dioxide to photosynthesize?
Through their stomata
What are the products of cellular respiration?
Carbon dioxide, water, and energy (ATP)
Give one example of a prokaryotic organism.
Bacteria
What is the function of the ribosomes?
To make proteins
What type of transport requires energy from the cell?
Active transport
Write or say the photosynthesis equation in words.
Carbon dioxide + water + sunlight → glucose + oxygen
How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration connected?
The products of one are the reactants of the other
What structures are found in both plant and animal cells? (Choose 5)
Cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes
Describe the job of the lysosome and explain why it’s compared to a recycling center or garbage truck.
Breaks down waste and old cell parts for reuse
A cell is placed in very salty water. What will happen to the water inside the cell — move in, move out, or stay the same? Explain.
It will move out (osmosis causes water to move toward the saltier area)
Why are chlorophyll and sunlight both important for photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight energy, which powers the process
Explain why both plant and animal cells need mitochondria.
Both need energy from food to perform cell functions
A scientist finds a new cell with a nucleus, cell wall, and chloroplasts. What type of organism did it likely come from?
Plant cell