Proks and Euks
Organelles
Cell Membrane
Cell Transport
Tonicity
100
Which cell type are bacteria cells?
Prokaryotic
100
What is the function of a mitochondria? What cell types is it found in?
To produce ATP/ provide energy for the cell
Found in plants and animals
100
The cell membrane is made of a phospholipid bilayer. Draw a phospholipid and label its parts, including which parts are hydrophilic and which are hydrophobic.
(you only need to know the smallest one, bigger ones are just for context)
100
Which type of cell transport requires energy?
Active transport
100
Name the three types of "tonic" solutions
Hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic
200
Which cell type includes plants, animals, fungi, and Protists?
Eukaryotic
200
What is the function of a ribosome? What cell types are they found in? What other organelle are they often found attached to?
To produce proteins, ALL cell types (including prokaryotes, rough ER
200
What are carbohydrates used for in the cell membrane?
Cell identification and communication
200
What type of transport would a medium-sized polar molecule use to diffuse across a membrane?
Facilitated diffusion
200
If you place an animal cell (5% salt) in a salt water solution (12% salt), what type of solution is the salt water? Which direction will the water diffuse? Will the cell shrivel up, grow, or stay the same size?
Hypertonic, leave the cell, shrivel up
300
What are three things that both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms have?
Cell membrane, ribosomes, DNA, cytoplasm
300
What is the function of the golgi apparatus? Draw one for me. What cell types are they found in?
To modify, sort, and send proteins out of the cell (think post office). Found in plants and animals
300
Which type of protein in the cell membrane is used for passive diffusion?
Channel protein
300
The nutrient concentration in the root cells of certain plants is higher than in the surrounding soil. Nutrients may continue to enter the root cells of the plant by the process of...
Active transport
300
You observe cells being placed in a solution. Over time, the cells begin to bloat up, and some of them eventually pop from being overfilled (lysis) what type of solution were the cells placed in?
Hypotonic
400
Which cell type have a nucleus, membrane bound organelles, and can be unicellular or multicellular? They are also bigger and more complex
Eukaryotic
400
What process do centrioles help with (what do they do), and what cell types are they found in?
Help with cell division in animal cells
400
Explain the purpose of cholesterol in the cell membrane.
Cholesterol is the “goldilocks molecule” because it will prevent the cell membrane from becoming too warm (if it gets too warm, the membrane will move too much which will let things in and out that shouldn’t be there) or too cold (the cell would then stop moving enough and not let anything in at all)
400
Explain the difference between osmosis and diffusion.
Diffusion: movement from high concentration to low concentration across the membrane
Osmosis: movement of WATER through an aquaporin from high concentration to low concentration (down the concentration gradient)
400
You observe cells being placed in a solution. The cell does not appear to change shape or size over time. What type of solution were the cells placed in?
Isotonic
500
List out three things that make prokaryotes different from eukaryotes in regards to their structure?
Proks have no nucleus, no membrane-bound organelles, and are always unicellular. They are also older and smaller. Euks are bigger and more complex. They have a nucleus, membrane bound organelles, and can be either unicellular or multicellular
500
Name the three organelles that only animal cells have.
Small vacuole, lysosomes, centrioles
500
A: outside of the cell
B: Hydrophobic layer
C: Inside of the cell
D: phospholipid
E: proteins
500
What is endocytosis? What are the two types, and how are they different?
Bringing in large molecules or large quantities of molecules by forming a vesicle around them using the cell membrane. Pinocytosis: cell "drinking", phagocytosis: cell eating
500
What are the three types of solutions? If a cell is placed in each of the three solutions, what will happen to the size of the cell?
Hypertonic: cell will shrink
Hypotonic: cell will grow
Isotonic: cell will stay the same