Cell Structure
This part of the cell is sometimes called the "phospholipid bilayer."
the cell membrane
What does "concentration" mean in science?
amount of substance in an area or volume
2 identical daughter cells
TRUE OR FALSE: Diffusion only happens across the cell membrane.
FALSE- it happens everywhere (air, water, etc).
Which scientist first described and used the word "cell?"
Robert Hooke
Name two organelles found in plant cells, and NOT in animal cells.
Which substance in the state lab could NOT diffuse across the "cell" membrane?
starch
What is a chromosome?
A bundle/ package of DNA and proteins
TRUE OR FALSE: Meiosis can be used by body cells to heal and repair tissue.
FALSE (mitosis)
This type of cell has no nucleus.
prokaryote (prokaryotic)
All cells are filled with a liquid called:
cytoplasm
Which type of transport can move substances from LOW to HIGH concentration areas?
active transport
During which part of the cell cycle do cells grow and replicate their DNA?
interphase
(G1 + S + G2)
T/F: The cell wall is made up of the carbohydrate starch.
FALSE (its made of cellulose)
Starting with cells, what are the levels of organization in multicellular organisms from simple to complex?
CELLS > TISSUES > ORGANS > ORGAN SYSTEMS
What is the function of the nucleus?
store DNA
control cell activities
Cells must maintain homeostasis by balancing how much water enters and leaves. Another term for the movement of water across the membrane is:
osmosis
How many daughter cells does meiosis create, and how many chromosomes do they have compared to the parent cell?
Meiosis makes 4 daughter cells with HALF the chromosomes of the parent cell.
T/F: Iodine and glucose were able to diffuse across the cell membrane in the state lab.
TRUE
Provide the name and the formula for the reaction that happens inside mitochondria.
cellular respiration
Glucose + oxygen --> ATP + Water + CO2
Write the formula for the chemical reaction that takes place in the chloroplast.
sunlight + water + CO2 --> glucose + O2
(photosynthesis)
Which term is used to describe the cell membrane's tendency to only let SOME substances across?
semipermeable or selectively permeable
What is differentiation?
process of an undifferentiated cell (stem cell) becoming a specialized for a function
T/F: Plant cells perform both photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
TRUE
Tell me what cancer is, and provide two examples of things that can cause it.
Cancer = uncontrolled cell division
chemicals, UV rays, and errors in DNA replication can cause cancer