What are 2 similarities and two differences between Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes?
Similarities: Ribosomes, Cell Membrane, DNA
Differences: Big/small, membrane bound organelle, reproduction rate...
other responses will be accetped
100
Transport of molecule that does not require energy.
What is passive transport?
100
The movement of molecules using the energy from ATP
What is Active Transport?
100
1. Which of the following organisms has the simplest cellular structure?
A. bacterium
B. earthworm
C. mushroom
D. sunflower
A. Bacterium
200
Phospholipid
What is the main molecule found in a cell membrane?
200
Chloroplast, Cell wall
What are organelles only found in plant cells?
200
Moving molecules across a membrane with the concentration gradient without using energy (ATP)
What is diffusion?
200
The movement of materials into a cell; requires ATP (energy)
Include a cartoon in your answer.
What is endocytosis?
200
Which of the following processes is directly responsible for these changes in the concentrations of sodium and potassium ions inside and outside the nerve cell?
A. active transport
B. enzyme activity
C. osmosis
D. transcription
A. Active Transport
300
A model of membrane structure which includes a phospholipid bilayer, proteins, cholesterol, and other molecules that are constantly moving, but keeping the structure of the cell intact.
What is the Fluid Mosaic Model of the cell membrane?
300
The cell organelle which makes energy, in the form of ATP, for the cell.
What is the mitochondria?
300
The diffusion of water.
What is osmosis?
300
1. The intake of larger particles (bacteria or even entire cells)
2. The intake of small dissolved molecules (vitamins or minerals for example)
What is 1. Phagocytosis and 2. Pinocytosis?
300
Which of the following cell characteristics provides evidence that this cell comes from a plant and not from an animal?
A. a large vacuole
B. a single nucleus
C. a functional mitochondrion
D. a semipermeable cell membrane
A. a large vacuole
400
Draw a picture of a cell membrane.
Must show a lipid bilayer and at least on protein.
400
The cell organelle that makes proteins for the cell and can exist as its own organelle or partner with the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum.
What is a Ribosome?
400
XOXO l OOXX Which direction will osmosis happen in?
XXOX l OOOX
OXXX l XOXO
OXOX l XOOX
XXXX l OOOO
X=water
O=sugar
Water will diffuse to the right --->
400
The movement of materials out of a cell; requires ATP (energy)
Include a cartoon in your answer
What is exocytosis?
400
8. Which of the following statements describes a way in which plant cells and animal cells are similar?
A. Both types of cells are prokaryotic.
B. Both types of cells are autotrophic.
C. Both types of cells have cell walls.
D. Both types of cells contain mitochondria.
D. Both types of cells contain mitochondria.
500
How is the structure of the cell membrane related to the function?
The structure of the cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer. This means that the polar heads of the phospholipid interact with the environment inside and outside the cell, while the nonpolar tails only interact with each other. This means that molecules such as water are able to diffuse through the membrane so that there is an isotonic environment inside the cell and outside the cell. In this way, the structure of the cell membrane shows how it decides what goes in and out of the cell.
500
Bacteria
What is a prokaryote?
500
Explain how the sweet potato lab we did in class relates to Osmosis.
The percent change in mass seen the potatoes shows osmosis. Water diffused out of the potato when the corn syrup solution had a higher percent of sugar compared to the potato, and water diffused into the potato when the corn syrup solution had a lower percent of sugar compared to the potato. Water movement went with the concentration gradient.
500
The pumping of molecules into or out of a cell from low to high concentration; works in the OPPOSITE direction as regular diffusion and requires energy (example: a molecular pump like the sodium potassium pump)
Include a cartoon in your answer?
What is Facilitated Diffusion?
500
Animal cells carry out many basic functions. Four of these functions are listed below:
1. bringing nutrients and materials into the cell
2. getting energy from food molecules
3. getting rid of wastes in the cell
4. making necessary protein products such as enzymes
For each function listed, identify one animal cell structure involved (4 points) and explain how that structure performs the given function (6 points).
1. Cell membrane - Passive and Active Transport
2. Mitochondria - Cellular Respiration
3. Vesicle - Exocytosis
4. Ribosome - Translation