Used to view living or preserved cells with up to 2000X magnification.
What is a light (compound) microscope?
100
First to use a microscope to observe compartments in cork and coined the term 'cells'.
Who is Robert Hooke?
100
Packages, modifies, and transports proteins to their destination in the cell.
What is the Golgi apparatus?
100
Large membrane bound sac found in plant cells that store cell products, nutrients, water, and wastes
What is a central vacuole?
100
Term for any type of cell transport that does not require energy.
What is passive transport?
200
Utilizes light, contains two optical lens, and has a large stage in order to a get a three dimensional view of larger specimens.
What is a stereoscopic or dissecting microscope?
200
Contributed the axiom to cell theory that all living cells come from pre-existing cells.
Who is Rudolph Virchow?
200
Responsible for synthesizing phospholipids and detoxifying poisons.
What is the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
200
Circular, satellite DNA fragment naturally found in prokaryotes and some single-celled protista (eukarya) that can be altered and transferred to various species.
What are plasmids?
200
The diffusion of larger molecule or ions assisted by channel proteins or carrier proteins.
What is facilitated diffusion?
300
Uses a beam of electrons to view two dimensional internal ultrastructures of cells with up to 2,000,000X magnification.
What is a transmission electron microscope?
300
Contributed the first axiom of cell theory in 1838, stating that all living things consist of cells.
Who is Mathias Schleiden?
300
Synthesizes all of the cell's ribosomes in eukaryotes.
What is the nucleolus?
300
The forms of enclosure that all bacterial, plant, and fungi cells contain; one composed of a phospholipid bilayer, the other a more rigid structure.
What is a cell membrane and cell wall?
300
The sodium-potassium pump is an example of this type of transport that moves substances from low to high concentration.
What is active transport?
400
Uses a beam of electrons to view three dimensional surface structures of dead specimens with up to 200,000X magnification
What is a scanning electron microscope?
400
2nd axiom of cell theory that Theodore Schwann contributed in 1839
What is cells are the basic structural and functional units of life?
400
Both of these organelles contain their own DNA separate from the nucleus.
What are Chloroplasts and Mitochondria?
400
Short, hair-like threads that beat like oars to allow cells to move or move liquids across the surface of cells
What are cilia?
400
The type of solution where solute concentration is higher outside the cell, causing water to diffuse out of the cell.
What is a hypertonic solution? (Hypotonic cell)
500
Total magnification of a compound microscope with an optical lens of 25X and an objective lens of 40X? Daily Double
What is 1000X?
500
Improved the design of microscopes to view living organisms which he termed 'animalcules' (protozoa)
Who is Anton van Leeuwenhoek?
500
Allows for locomotion in eukaryotic male gametes and prokaryotes
What are flagella?
500
Animal cells contain these sacs that contain digestive enzymes to break down old cell parts, proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and destroy harmful bacteria
What are lysosomes?
500
Water and dissolved solutes diffuse into and out of the cell at the same rate in dynamic equilibrium in this type of solution. Daily Double.