Cell Division
This type of cell division results in two genetically identical daughter cells.
What is Mitosis?
The cell cycle consists of interphase and this other main phase.
What is mitosis (or M phase)?
These two main categories of cells are distinguished by the presence or absence of a membrane-bound nucleus.
Answer: What are eukaryotes and prokaryotes?
Bacteria cells lack this membrane-bound organelle that houses DNA in eukaryotic cells.
Answer: What is a nucleus?
This process allows materials to move across a cell membrane from an area of high concentration to low concentration.
Answer: What is diffusion?
This phase of mitosis involves the alignment of chromosomes along the cell's equator.
What is metaphase?
This phase of the cell cycle immediately precedes mitosis and involves DNA replication.
Answer: What is S phase?
This type of cell is found in plants and fungi and provides structural support.
Answer: What is a cell wall?
This structure in bacteria cells is responsible for protein synthesis.
Answer: What are ribosomes?
This organelle is known as the "powerhouse" of the cell.
What is the mitochondrion?
This type of cell division produces gametes with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
What is meiosis?
This gap phase occurs between mitosis and S phase in the cell cycle.
Answer: What is G1 phase?
These cells are responsible for producing antibodies in the immune system.
Answer: What are B cells (or plasma cells)?
This circular DNA structure in bacteria can replicate independently and often carries antibiotic resistance genes.
Answer: What is a plasmid?
This cellular process breaks down glucose to produce ATP in the absence of oxygen.
Answer: What is anaerobic respiration (or fermentation)?
This structure forms during cell division and is responsible for separating chromosomes.
What is the mitotic spindle?
This protein complex regulates the progression of the cell cycle by activating and deactivating other proteins.
What are cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs)?
This type of cell is found in the pancreas and produces insulin.
Answer: What are beta cells?
This hair-like structure on the surface of some bacteria allows them to move.
Answer: What is a flagellum?
This technique uses a beam of electrons to produce highly magnified images of cells and their internal structures.
Answer: What is electron microscopy?
This checkpoint in the cell cycle ensures that the cell is ready to begin mitosis.
What is the G2 checkpoint?
This tumor suppressor protein plays a crucial role in regulating the cell cycle and is often called the "guardian of the genome."
Answer: What is p53?
These cells in the nervous system support and protect neurons.
Answer: What are glial cells?
This region in a bacterial cell contains the main chromosome and is not membrane-bound.
Answer: What is a nucleoid?
his Nobel Prize-winning gene-editing technique has revolutionized molecular biology research.
Answer: What is CRISPR-Cas9?