Cell Structure
This is the control center of the cell where DNA is stored.
What is the nucleus?
Eukaryotic cells store their genetic material in this structure, while prokaryotic cells do not have it.
What is the nucleus?
This process allows water to move across a semi-permeable membrane from areas of low solute concentration to high solute concentration.
What is osmosis?
DNA stands for this.
What is deoxyribonucleic acid?
Organisms whose DNA has been modified to include genes from another species are called this.
What are genetically modified organisms (GMOs)?
This organelle is responsible for producing energy (ATP) in the cell.
What is the mitochondria?
Prokaryotic cells are typically found in these two domains of life.
What are Bacteria and Archaea?
This is the process by which cells break down glucose to produce energy in the form of ATP.
What is cellular respiration?
The shape of the DNA molecule is often referred to as this.
What is a double helix?
This method is used to amplify small samples of DNA, creating millions of copies.
What is polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?
These small structures make proteins by reading RNA instructions.
What are ribosomes?
Eukaryotic cells contain these energy-producing organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.
What are mitochondria?
This organelle in plant cells captures light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose.
What is the chloroplast?
These are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA.
What are adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine?
This technology is used to solve crimes by matching DNA from a crime scene.
What is DNA fingerprinting?
This structure is a semi-permeable barrier that controls what enters and leaves the cell.
What is the cell membrane?
The rigid structure that surrounds both eukaryotic plant cells and prokaryotic cells.
What is the cell wall?
This type of cell transport does not require energy and moves molecules from high to low concentration.
What is passive transport?
This base pairs with adenine in DNA.
What is thymine?
This process separates DNA fragments by size using an electric field.
What is gel electrophoresis?
This organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for transport.
What is the Golgi apparatus?
Eukaryotic cells divide through mitosis, while prokaryotic cells divide through this simpler process.
What is binary fission?
During cell division, this process ensures equal distribution of chromosomes into two daughter cells.
What is mitosis?
This sugar is found in the DNA backbone.
What is deoxyribose?
In the DNA Extraction experiment, this type of solution is added to help break down proteins and cell membranes.
What is the lysis buffer?