ATP
What does your body need to grow and produce new materials?
Energy
Where does glycolysis occur in the cell?
Cytosol (cytoplasm)
Where does pyruvate oxidation and the kreb's cycle occur in the cell?
Matrix (inside) of mitochondria
Where are the electron transport chain and ATP synthase complexes located in the cell?
inner mitochondrial membrane
What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
aerobic respiration requires oxygen
anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen
Cells store energy when what two molecules are bonded together
ADP and the third phosphate
What is needed for glycolysis to occur (reactants)?
Glucose molecule and NAD+
What are the products of pyruvate oxydation?
carbon dioxide and acetyl-CoA
What reactants are needed for the electron transport chain to transport protons across the membrane?
electron carriers and oxygen
What builds up in muscles cells during strenuous activities when the cells need more oxygen?
lactic acid
Describe the 5 parts of ATP
ribose sugar, adenine (nitrogen base) and 3 phosphates
What are the products of glucose?
ATP and pyruvate
What are the products of Krebs Cycle?
NADH, FADH(2) both are electron carriers, ATP and 2 carbon dioxide/turn of the cycle
What are the products of the electron transport chain?
water and the oxidized electron carriers (NAD+, FAD)
During fermentation which molecule is produced that allows glycolysis to continue?
NAD+
Where do animals get energy to regenerate ATP?
glucose and oxygen
How many ATP's are produced in glycolysis?
2
What happens to the glucose Carbons during pyruvate oxidation and the kreb's cycle?
They get eliminated through the lungs as carbon dioxide
What are the reactants and products for ATP synthase?
reactants: ADP and Phosphate
products ATP
What is the name of the process where yeast releases energy from sugar molecules
alcoholic fermentation
What is the equation for cellular respiration?
Glucose + 6 oxygen --> 6 carbon dioxide + 6 water
How many molecules of pyruvate are produced in glycolysis?
2
How are enzymes used in catabolic processes? how does this specifically happen for glucose in glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation and the kreb's cycle?
Take larger molecules and break them down to smaller molecules? glucose (C6) gets broken down to pyruvate (c3) then to CO2
Proton gradient
Name three foods made by fermentation?
yogurt, bread and cheese