DNA/RNA
What is the structure of DNA?
a double helix
What is DNA Replication?
how DNA makes exact copies of itself
What is transcription?
First step in gene expression
what is the process of translation?
through which information encoded in messenger RNA (mRNA) directs the addition of amino acids during protein synthesis.
What is mutation?
change in a gene or chromosome
How many strands of RNA are there?
one
What is the first step of DNA replication?
DNA helicase unwinds the DNA double helix by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the bases.
What is the first step in transcription?
The first step in transcription is initiation
Where does translation take place?
takes place on ribosomes in the cell cytoplasm
True or False: all gene mutations are harmful
false
What replaces thymine from DNA in RNA?
uracil
Whats the second step in DNA replication?
The new bases will form hydrogen bonds between them with the help from an enzyme.
Which RNA bases would pair with TACGAA in transcription?
AUGCUU
how many stages takes place in translation?
3
True or False: gene mutations can occur on a small or large scale
true
What is the complementary RNA strand of the DNA strand ATGCCCTTAA?
AUGCCCUUAA
What is helicase and what does it do?
Helicase is an enzyme that unwinds the double helix and separates the two stands by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the bases.
true or false? The goal of transcription is to make RNA.
true
What happens before translation occurs?
messenger RNA is transcribed from dna in the nucleus and released into the cytoplasm
What are the 3 effects of mutation?
beneficial, harmful, or neutral.
What are the four nitrogen bases of DNA?
Guanine paired with Cytosine, Adenine paired with Thymine
How many bases does DNA have, what are they, and what pairs with what?
4. Adenine, Thymine, Cytomine, & Guanine, A pairs with T & C pairs with G.
Where does transcription take place?
nucleus
true or false: creates a primary protein structure
True
Is genetic mutation an illness? How?
Yes, this can cause a medical condition called a genetic disorder.