Metabolism
Name the two processes that make up metabolism.
What is anabolism and catabolism.
Identify the 3 processes of cellular respiration.
What is glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and electron transport chain.
What is the smallest subunit of nucleic acids?
What is a nucleotide.
Identify the two processes that constitute protein synthesis.
What is transcription and translation.
Identify two molecules that aid enzymes in controlling metabolic processes.
What is cofactors and coenzymes.
Enzymes react with substrates at the _______ _______ to help regulate metabolic reactions.
What is active site.
Where is the energy stored in a molecule of ATP?
What is the phosphate bond.
What are the complimentary base-pairing rules?
What is A bonds with T or U and C bonds with G
What enzyme is responsible for mRNA synthesis in the nucleus?
What is RNA polymerase.
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine triphosphate
How does the rate-limiting enzyme help control metabolic pathways?
What is once saturated with substrates, the rate of reaction will decrease.
What are the two electron carrier proteins?
NADH and FADH2
Differentiate between a gene and a genome.
What is genes code particular proteins, the genome is the entire DNA in a cell
On which RNA are the anticodons found?
tRNA
When does DNA replication take place?
What is during interphase of the cell cycle.
What is negative feedback loop
Anaerobic respiration occurs in the _________, and aerobic respiration occurs in the __________.
What is cytosol and mitochondria
Identify the 3 components of a nucleotide.
What is a 5-carbon sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base
Differentiate between the functions of mRNA and tRNA.
What is mRNA - responsible for moving genetic info into the cytoplasm, tRNA - matches appropriate amino acids with mRNA strand
How can you determine that an anabolic reaction has occured?
What is chemical bonds have been created.
A water molecule is split and sucrose is broken down into molecules of glucose and fructose. This is an example of a __________ ___________ reaction.
What is catabolic or hydrolysis
ADP can become ATP by capturing energy and a phosphate in this process.
What is phosphorylation?
Describe the 3 ways that DNA and RNA are different.
What is deoxyribose/ribose; thymine/uracil; double helix/single chain.
The parent strand of DNA for a specific gene reads AAT CCG TGC. What would the resulting tRNA anticodon read?
What is UUA GGC ACG.
How is DNA replicated?
What is hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases break, DNA unwinds, and complimentary base-pairing creates two identical strands.