Vocabulary
This type of respiration occurs when oxygen is present
What is aerobic respiration?
This is the term for the folds of the inner mitochondrial membrane
What is the cristae?
This man is credited with discovering the Citric Acid cycle?
Who is Dr. Hans Krebs?
On the board, write out the full equation for cellular respiration
What is 'C6H12O6 + O2 --> CO2 + H2O + ATP?'
This type of respiration occurs when there is NO oxygen present
What is Anaerobic respiration?
These are the two electron carriers used in aerobic respiration
What are NADH and FADH?
The Krebs Cycle occurs in this place
What is the mitochondrial matrix?
_________ occurs in the __________ at the beginning of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration
What is 'glycolysis' and 'cytoplasm?'
These are the two waste products of aerobic respiration
What are carbon dioxide and water?
The Krebs cycle creates _____ molecules of ATP
What is 2?
This is the location of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration
What is the inner mitochondrial membrane/cristae?
Briefly explain why/when lactic acid fermentation occurs in humans
What is 'after vigorous exercise, muscle cells are depleted of oxygen, they begin lactic acid fermentation, and lactic acid builds up in muscle cells?'
In alcoholic fermentation, pyruvate is converted into _____________________
What is ethyl alcohol/ethanol?
In this step of aerobic respiration, high energy electrons are harnessed to power the next step of the reactions
What is the Krebs Cycle/Citric Acid Cycle?
These organisms are capable of going through photosynthesis AND cellular respiration
What are autotrophs/primary producers?
List the four basic parts of the mitochondria
What is 1) outer membrane, 2) inner membrane, 3) cristae, and 4) matrix?
During glycolysis, glucose is converted to _______ and _________ molecules of ATP are created
What is 'glucose is converted into pyruvate - two molecules of ATP?'
Which portion of aerobic respiration creates the majority of ATP molecules? How many are created?
What is the electron transport chain - 34 are created here?
In aerobic respiration, the ETC is also referred to as
What is oxidative phosphorylation?
In total, aerobic respiration yields a total of _________ molecules of ATP; list each step of cellular respiration and how much ATP are created
What is 38; 1) glycolysis - 2 ATP, 2) Krebs Cycle - 2 ATP, 3) ETC/Oxidative phosphorylation - 34 ATP?
Explain how an electron transport chain works AND list its location during cellular respiration
What is 'the ETC uses energy from electrons to pump H+ against its concentration gradient, when gradient is very steep, H+ diffuses through the protein ATP Synthase, providing energy to turn ADP back into ATP' and it is located on the cristae/inner mitochondrial membrane?
List the three major steps of aerobic respiration AND the location of each step:
What is 1) glycolysis is in the cytoplasm, 2) Krebs Cycle is in the mitochondrial matrix, and 3) ETC is on the cristae/inner mitochondrial membrane?
Briefly explain the importance of ATP synthase
What is 'ATP synthase is the last protein on every ETC; it is both an enzyme and a transport (channel) protein that is provides the energy necessary to phosphorylate ADP and create ATP?'
When oxygen is present in the cell, this enzyme is created from pyruvate
What is Acetyl CoA?
These are four reasons why all organisms require energy
What is 1) growth and development, 2) reproduction, 3) maintaining homeostasis, 4) response to stimuli, 5) metabolism, 6) cell division?