Glycolysis
What is broken down in glycolysis?
Glucose
Where does the Citric Acid Cycle take place?
Mitochondrial Matrix
What is the maximum number of ATP that can be generated per glucose molecule in oxidative phosphorylation?
34 ATP
In animals, what is pyruvate converted to?
Lactic acid (lactate)
In which type of respiration does Link take place?
Aerobic Respiration
What is the total amount amount of ATP made in Glycolysis?
4 ATP
What two electron carriers are reduced in the citric acid cycle?
NAD+ and FAD
What type of reaction occurs within the inner membrane of the mitochondria that involves the transfer of electrons?
Redox reaction
Out of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, which typically is used in anaerobic respiration?
carbohydrates
Where does Link take place?
The mitochondrial matrix
When glucose is broken down it is rearranged to form two molecules of what?
Pyruvate
Acetyl CoA transfers its acetyl group to oxaloacetate to make what compound?
(the number of carbons in the compound is also an acceptable answer)
Citric acid
(6 carbons)
Oxidative phosphorylation consists of the electron transport chain and what other closely connected component?
Chemiosmosis
In plants and yeasts pyruvate is converted into what two substances?
ethanol and carbon dioxide
What does Link act as a bridge between?
Glycolysis and the citric acid cycle
What is the net energy yield of glycolysis?
2 ATP + 2 NADH
In a single turn in citric acid cycle, how many molecules of ATP, NADH, and FADH2 are generated?
1 ATP molecule, 3 NADH molecules, and 1 FADH2 molecule
What drives ATP synthesis through ATP synthase during oxidative phosphorylation?
The H+ concentration across the membrane
The main purpose of anaerobic respiration is to restore stocks of what molecule?
NAD+
What is released as a waste product in the link reaction?
Carbon dioxide
What kind of respiration uses glycolysis?
Aerobic Respiration and Anaerobic Respiration (Fermentation also acceptable)
What are the two other names for the citric acid cycle?
Krebs cycle and Tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA)
What is the final electron acceptor of the electron transport chain that functions in oxidative phosphorylation?
oxygen
When energy demands exceed the capabilities of aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration kicks in. This leads to an increase in lactic acid. What effect does lactic acid have on the body?
Muscle Fatigue
What molecule does pyruvate become through the process of decarboxylation?
acetyl-CoA