Glycolysis
Cytosol
Where does pyruvate oxidation occur?
Mitochondrial matrix
Where is the ETC located?
The inner membrane of the mitochondria
The state pyruvate has to be in, in order to enter the Krebs cycle.
Acetyl-CoA
What does it mean to get oxidized vs. what does it mean to get reduced?
Oxidized substances lost electrons.
Reduced substances gained electrons.
What is the name of the first molecule created in glycolysis that locks glucose into the process?
Glucose 6-phosphate (G6P)
For pyruvate oxidation and the Krebs Cycle, if you have the "per pyruvate" number of products, how can you figure out the "per glucose" number?
Double the "per pyruvate" number to get "per glucose"
What is the final electron acceptor in the ETC?
Oxygen
What is the main function of the Krebs cycle?
To produce electron carriers that can be used in the last step of cellular respiration.
What is the other name for the Krebs Cycle?
The Citric Acid Cycle
What are the two general stages of glycolysis called?
1. The energy investment phase
2. The energy payoff phase
What are the products of pyruvate oxidation per pyruvate?
- 1 CO2
- 1 NADH
- 1 Acetyl CoA
What is the purpose of the ETC?
To pump H+ ions into the intermembrane space
What process is responsible for producing ATP in the Krebs cycle?
Substrate-level phosphorylation.
What drives the electrons through the ETC?
The highly electronegative oxygen.
What is the first stable 3 carbon intermediate in glycolysis?
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P)
What reaction is responsible for removing CO2 from pyruvate?
Decarboxylation
What powers ATP Synthase?
The H+ gradient between the intermembrane space and the mitochondrial matrix
What are the products of the Krebs cycle per glucose?
- 4 CO2
- 6 NADH
- 2 FADH2
- 2 ATP
What is the first 6 carbon intermediate in the Krebs Cycle?
Citrate
What are the products of one cycle of glycolysis? How many of each?
- 4 ATP created (net gain of 2 ATP)
- 2 NADH
- 2 pyruvate
What enzyme is responsible for pyruvate oxidation?
Name the three protein complexes used by NADH in the ETC chain.
NADH dehydrogenase complex
Cytochrome B-C1 complex
Cytochrome oxidase
What is the regenerated 4 carbon intermediate of the Krebs cycle?
Oxaloacetate
The intermembrane space of the mitochondria is analogous to where in the chloroplast?
Inner thylakoid space (aka Thylakoid Lumen)