This waste product of cellular respiration is used by plants to produce energy through photosynthesis.
What is CO2?
100
Of the three stages of cellular respiration, this stage by far produces the most ATP, around 28, compared to the other two cycles, which produce only a few ATP each.
What is Electron Transport?
100
This stage, named for the "splitting of sugar", marks the beginning of the aerobic respiration cycle.
What is Glycolysis?
100
This formula of C6H12O6 describes this most common fuel molecule for aerobic respiration.
What is Glucose?
100
This initial investment of energy begins the first stage of aerobic respiration, which donates 1 phospate to each three-carbon sugar, with remainder product of 2 ADP molecules.
What are Two ATP Molecules?
200
Once split in two, the three-carbon molecules donate some of their electrons to the co-enzyme, NAD+, forming this electron transporter.
What is NADH?
200
In this process, electrons are lost during an electron transfer.
What is Oxidation?
200
These reactions, called redox reactions for short, are chemical reactions in which electrons are transferred from one substance to another.
What are oxidation-reduction reactions?
200
This special protein, built into the inner mitochondrial membrane, channels the H+ that has been built up inthe electron transfer process. The rush of H+ through this protein causes it to spin like a turbine, using the energy to produce ATP.
What is the ATP Synthase?
200
In this stage of cellular respiration, each molecule accepts and then donates electrons in turn, producing energy with each transfer that can be used to generate ATP.
What is The Electron Transport Chain?
300
This process is defined as "the aerobic harvesting of chemical energy from organic fuel molecules".
What is Aerobic Respiration?
300
This stage of aerobic respiration marks the third and final part of the aerobic respiration cycle.
What is Electron Transport?
300
This is the first waste product of the breakdown of glucose in a cell, and is produced during glycolysis.
What is CO2?
300
When the three-carbon molecule of pyruvic acids loses one carbon, this remaining two-carbon molecule is almost ready to enter the citric acid cycle, where it's energy can be harvested.
What is Acetic Acid?
300
This molecule is split in two to begin the cycle of glycolysis, and forms two "twin" molecules.
What is a Six-carbon Glucose Molecule?
400
NAD+ is particularly useful in electron transport, because of this quality which attracts negatively charged electrons from other molecules.
What is Positive Charge?
400
After giving up some of it's electrons to NAD+ to form NADH, each ascetic acid is attached to this molecule to be escorted into the citric acid cycle.
What is Coenzyme A(CoA)?
400
the electron transport chain uses its energy supply to pump H+ across this membrane, building energy which contributes to ATP production.
What is the Mitochondrial Membrane?
400
When this positively charged electron acceptor attracts and accepts 2 electrons, it is no longer positively charged, and becomes NADH, an electron carrier.
What is NAD+?
400
This molecule, left after the glycolysis stage, still holds most of the energy of glucose, and needs only one more step to be ready for the Citric Acid Cycle.
What is Pyruvic Acid?
500
This element is the driver of movement down the electron transport change.
What is Oxygen?
500
In the citric acid cycle, the two-carbon acetic acid molecule joins a four-carbon acceptor molecule to form this six-carbon product.
What is Citric Acid?
500
Aerobic respiration is by far the cells most efficient process for making this energy molecule, when measured in numbers of this molecule formed per molecule of glucose used.
What is ATP?
500
This stage of aerobic respiration is the second part of the aerobic respiration cycle.
What is the Citric Acid Cycle?
500
In this process, electrons are gained through electron transfer, thereby reducing the positive charge of substance.