Respiration Basics
What is the process cells use to release energy from food?
Cellular respiration
What sugar is a reactant in aerobic respiration?
Glucose
What nutrient provides most of the glucose used in respiration?
Carbohydrates
What organelle is known as the site of aerobic respiration?
Mitochondria
What three-letter molecule stores usable energy for cells?
ATP
What is the process cells use to release energy from food?
Aerobic respiration
What gas is a reactant in aerobic respiration?
Oxygen
How does oxygen enter the human body?
By breathing it into the lungs
In what type of cell would you find mitochondria: animal, plant, or both?
Both
What does ATP provide to cells?
Usable energy
Complete the word equation: glucose + oxygen → ___ + ___ + energy
Carbon dioxide + water
Name the two main waste products of aerobic respiration.
Carbon dioxide and water
After digestion, glucose is carried around the body mainly by what?
The bloodstream / blood
Which stage of respiration begins in the cytoplasm rather than the mitochondria?
Glycolysis
Give one example of something an animal cell uses ATP energy for
Examples: muscle contraction, active transport, building molecules, cell division
Is aerobic respiration a process that stores energy or releases energy from glucose?
It releases energy
Which product of respiration do we breathe out?
Carbon dioxide
How does oxygen travel from the lungs to body cells?
Oxygen moves into the blood in the lungs and is carried to cells by red blood cells
Where inside the mitochondrion does the Krebs cycle mainly occur?
The mitochondrial matrix
Why does a cell make ATP rather than use all the energy from glucose directly?
ATP provides energy in small, usable amounts that the cell can transfer to different processes
What is the basic equation for aerobic respiration.
Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy
Which product of aerobic respiration is used by cells to make large amounts of ATP?
The energy released from glucose is captured in ATP; carbon dioxide and water are products
Trace the journey of glucose from food until it reaches an animal cell.
Food containing carbohydrate → digestion breaks carbohydrate into glucose → glucose enters the blood → blood carries glucose to cells
Where does the electron transport chain occur inside the mitochondrion?
The inner mitochondrial membrane / cristae
Describe the energy flow from glucose to ATP and then to cell activities.
Chemical energy in glucose → released during respiration → transferred to ATP → ATP supplies energy for cell processes