DNA
What is the shape of DNA?
Double helix
DNA tells the cell what proteins (indirectly). T/F
True.
What do we call the process by which DNA is used to make RNA?
Transcription.
What type of RNA brings amino acids to the ribosome?
tRNA (transfer)
If your RNA strand is UAGCGGUACAGU, how many amino acids does it code for?
4 amino acids.
Who discovered the shape of DNA?
Watson and Crick
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid.
In RNA A pairs with T. True or False.
False.
What is the process by which RNA is used to make RNA?
Translation
A mutation can lead to a wrong nucleotide sequence, causing the wrong amino acid, causing the wrong protein, and, therefore the wrong structure, and ___________________________.
Function.
What is the subunit of DNA?
Nucleotide
What is the process by which DNA makes a copy of itself?
Replication
What base replaces Thymine "T" in RNA?
Uracil (U).
What structure makes proteins by linking amino acids together?
Ribosomes
What is any change in the nucleotide sequence of a gene?
Mutation.
What is a nucleotide made of?
Phosphate, sugar, and a base.
How do the DNA bases pair up?
A pairs with T and C pairs with G.
Which type of RNA is read by the ribosome to tell it what amino acids to add to make a protein?
mRNA (messenger)
What is the building block of proteins and how many of them are there?
Amino acids. 20.
Deletion/Insertion mutations are worse than base substutitutions. T/F
True
What are the 4 nitrogenous bases for DNA?
Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G)
If the DNA strand is: GATCAGTCA, what is its complementary strand?
CTAGTCAGT.
If the DNA strand is TACGTTACG, what is the RNA strand that would be made from it?
AUGCAAUGC
What determines the type of protein that is made?
The number, type, and arrangement of amino acids.
Positive mutations can lead to evolution. T/F
True