DNA
DNA contains 4 nitrogenous bases.
What are adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine?
Single-stranded copy of DNA message used as a template to make protein by the ribosome.
What is mRNA?
Purines and Pyrimidines pair with each other.
What is A=T, A=U, G=C?
AUG begins translation.
What is the initiation codon?
The theory states that genetic information flows only in one direction, from DNA to RNA, to protein.
What is the central dogma?
DNA contains a nucleic acid.
What is deoxyribose?
Bring specific amino acids to the ribosome.
What is tRNA?
UAA, UAG, UGA
What are stop codons?
Replicate the following DNA strand A T C A G T into mRNA.
What is U A G U C A?
Each DNA strand acts as a template for the synthesis of a new strand.
What is a complementary strand?
The enzyme that transcripts DNA to RNA.
What is RNA polymerase?
Embedded in the ribosome, participates in peptide synthesis.
What is rRNA?
A strand of DNA is supported by its "backbones". (Hint: there are 2 molecules)
What are sugars and phosphates?
The formation of single, identical RNA from the two-stranded DNA.
What is transcription?
There are 2 kinds of nucleic acids.
What are DNA and RNA?
DNA reads in one direction.
What is 5' to 3'?
The direction in which mRNA is listed.
What is 5’→3’?
The type of bond that holds the DNA backbone.
What is a covalent bond?
The duplication of two strands of DNA.
What is replication?
Their model served to explain how DNA replicates and how hereditary information is coded on it.
What is Watson and Crick?
DNA is made of chemical building blocks called nucleotides.
What is a phosphate group, a sugar group, and one of four types of nitrogen bases?
RNA codes for 4 nitrogenous bases.
What are adenine, guanine, uracil, and cytosine?
The type of bond that holds base pairs together.
What are hydrogen bonds?
Location of codon versus the location of the anticodon.
What are mRNA and tRNA respectively?
H-bonds are present in the 2 types of nitrogenous base pairs.
A-T forms 2 H-bonds and G=C forms 3 H-bonds.