DNA and RNA Structure
DNA Replication
Transcription & Types of RNA
Translation
Everything but Bio
More Quizzo
100
In one strand of DNA, one nucleotide is linked to the next through _________.
A covalent bonds between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next.
100
Watson and Crick coined this term to explain why newly replicated DNA is always 50% parental DNA and 50% newly constructed DNA.
What is semiconservative replication?
100
This RNA molecule is a copy of the genetic information for making proteins.
What is messenger RNA?
100
A ribosome consists of a large subunit and a small subunit, each made up of proteins and one or more …
What is ribosomal RNAs (rRNA)?
100
What is Voldemort's middle name?
Marvolo
100
The world's largest desert
Antartica
200
A DNA double helix that is 15% cytosine would be what % thymine?
35%
200
This enzyme catalyzes the elongation of a growing DNA strand.
What is DNA polymerase?
200
The location of transcription in eukaryotic cells.
What is the nucleus?
200
This molecule brings the building blocks of proteins (amino acids) to the ribosome.
What is tRNA?
200
Which direction do ships move through the panama canal when traveling from Atlantic to Pacific.
(use terms like N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W, and NW)
NW --> SE
200
The Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer, considered by many to be the first electronic computer, was made at which University?
UPENN
300
Rosalind Franklin's X-Ray diffraction image was the missing piece of information Watson and Crick needed to determine this aspect of the DNA structure.
What is the DNA is a double helix / complementary base pairing?
300
A newly constructed DNA strand is always constructed in this direction.
What is 5' --> 3'
300
These regions are removed from the mRNA molecule before it leaves the nucleus.
What are introns?
300
The ribosome will begin reading the mRNA message here.
What is the start codon (AUG)?
300
In what episode did Darth Vader say, "Luke, I am your father"
None! He actually said, "No, I am your father."
300
lemniscate (mathematical term/concept)
400
Two main differences between DNA and RNA.
What are: 1. DNA - deoxyribose sugar, RNA - Ribose sugar 2. DNA - thymine, RNA - Uracil
400
Correct term for the structure labelled "X"
What is Okazaki fragment or lagging strand?
400
These complexes, which are responsible for building proteins, are made up of two subunits.
What are ribosomes?
400
Name and describe one process that regulates the expression of proteins.
What are:
1. chromatin condensing / methylation
2. presence of transcription factors
3. post transcriptional modifications (poly-A tail / introns removed, 5' cap).
4. micro RNAs
5. Post translational protein modyfications
400
The city in which Dr. Martin Luther King was assassinated in 1968?
What is Memphis Tennessee?
400
This player holds the single season passing TD record for the Eagles.
Carson Wentz
500
It can change the activity of a DNA segment without changing the sequence. When located in a gene promoter, this process typically acts to repress gene transcription by locking down the DNA and making it unreadable.
What is methylation?
500
The three main enzymes of replication AND their function:
(1) DNA Polymerase - add free DNA nucleotides
(2) Helicase - unwind the DNA double helix
(3) Ligase - chemically bond ("glue") the sugar phosphate backbone of newly synthesized DNA fragments
500
DAILY DOUBLE
A binding site for RNA polymerase that determines which of the two strands of the DNA double helix is used as the template during transcription.
500
Name one type of point mutation and describe one potential effect of that mutation.
What are:
Point mutations are changes to one base in the DNA code and may involve either:
- The substitution of a base (e.g. ATG becomes ACG)
- The insertion of a base (e.g. ATG becomes ATCG)
- The deletion of a base (e.g. ATG becomes AG)
- The inversion of bases (e.g. ATG becomes AGT)
and effect:
Silent mutations occur when the DNA change does not alter the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide
- This is possible because the genetic code is degenerate and certain codons may code for the same amino acid
Missense mutations occur when the DNA change alters a single amino acid in the polypeptide chain
- Sickle cell anaemia is an example of a disease caused by a single base substitution mutation (GAG → GTG ; Glu → Val)
Nonsense mutations occur when the DNA change creates a premature STOP codon which truncates the polypeptide
- Cystic fibrosis is an example of a disease which can result from a nonsense mutation (this may not be the only cause though)
Frameshift mutations occur when the addition or removal of a base alters the reading frame of the gene
- This change will affect every codon beyond the point of mutation and thus may dramatically change amino acid sequence
500
Actor (genderless use of the term) with the most Academy Awards of all time.
Katharine Hepburn (4)
500
Name the President/Vice President combo where neither were elected to those positions in the general election.
Ford/Rockefellar