Process
Bull’s nose, ram’s head, and shell are all names given to what common method of clay preparation?
kneading or wedging
True or False: Pottery and glass are made from the same raw materials?
True
What kind of clay are you using to throw on the wheel?
stoneware
Clay is fired in a ...
kiln
What technique was utilized to fire pottery in early civilizations?
open firing or pit firing
This term refers to the one of several techniques of building pots using only hands and simple tools, rather than the wheel.
handbuilding
Clays found where they are formed are called...
primary clays
Clay bodies are a combination of how many ingredients?
three
Clay fired one time is called?
bisqueware
The earliest containers were probably made through what two clay shaping techniques?
pinching and/or coiling
When finishing a cylinder, use the wooden knife tool to remove the excess clay at the base. This gives the cylinder what?
lift or a shadow
Another term for primary clays...
residual clays
A unique aspect of this type of clay body is that it can be worked as clay, but when fired properly reaches a state similar to glass.
porcelain
Term to describe clay fired twice.
ceramic
Many ancient pots which survive intact were found in tombs and burial chambers. What was the purpose of these objects with the status of precious metals and jewels?
accompany the owner into the afterlife
Refers to the pliability. The quality of clay which allows it to be manipulated into different shapes without cracking or breaking.
plasticity or plastic
Most kaolins, ball clays, stoneware, fireclay, and earthenware are this type of clay.
secondary clay
This is a low-fire clay body. To be functional, it must be glazed.
earthenware
What temperature is reached in a bisque firing?
1950 degrees or cone 04
Where was the potter’s wheel thought to have been invented?
Mesopotamia (modern day Iraq)
Stage of clay where there is no visible moisture. Clay is ready to be fired.
bone dry stage
Clay is a naturally occurring material that forms over long periods of time by the gradual chemical weathering of rocks and their movement by erosion and water from their primary location.
This clay body ingredient affects shrinkage and glaze fit, it also adds strength and texture.
silica
What temperature is reached in a glaze firing for stoneware?
2350 degrees or cone 10
The potter’s wheel use spread to Egypt and the Eastern Mediterranean, but it was this civilization of people whose culture flourished on the island of Crete around 3000 BC. The ___________ were a seafaring people who became the most skilled and influential potters of the ancient world.
Minoans