Definitions and Risk Factors
This type of stroke is caused by a thrombus that forms during a cerebral atherosclerotic infarction
Non-cardioembolic stroke
This agent works by producing osmotic diuresis by increasing osmotic pressure of the glomerular filtration in the kidneys.
What is mannitol
Absolute contraindications for fibrinolytic therapy
Active bleeding (ICH, SAH, internal bleeds)
Recent severe head injury, intracranial or intraspinal surgery(within 3 months)
Severe uncontrolled BP > 185/110 mmHg
The meaning of FAST, an acronym commonly used to educate the public on detecting symptoms of a stroke
What is Face, Arms, Speech, Time
The hyperglycemia blood glucose goal range for stroke management
What is between 140-180 mg/dL
The most common type of stroke encountered
What is ischemic strokes
While rarely used in practice, this medication is indicated for the reversal of bleeding caused by DOACs
What is andexanet alfa
Time window for fibrinolytics
What is 3 to 4.5 hours
A symptom that patient distinctly experience from SAH
What is the "worst headache they have ever experienced"
The intensity level statin indicated the secondary prevention
What are high-intensity statins
This type of stroke is characterized by bleeding in the brain due to a ruptured blood vessel
Hemorrhagic strokes
The indication of nimodipine in the setting of Subarachnoid hemorrhages (SAH)
What is to prevent vasospasms
The time period for which anticoagulation should not be given after receiving alteplase
What is 24 hours
Stroke patients usually present with these types of blood pressures
What is hypertensive or elevated pressures
This non-pharmacological therapy is often used to preserve and prevent neurological harm
What is targeted temperature management
The common risk factors for stroke (Name at least 4)
What are -
- HTN, afib, ethnicity (AA), Age >55, atherosclerosis, diabetes, prior stroke, smoking, dyslipidemia
The guideline recommendation for prophylactic anticonvulsant medications
What is NOT recommended
The management for alteplase bleeding
What is cryoprecipitate and TXA/aminocaproic acid
Usually the first diagnostic study in patients with suspected stroke to differentiate between ischemic vs hemorrhagic
What is a CT scan
This therapy is recommended for patients with non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke or TIA to reduce the risk of recurrent stroke rather than anticoagulation
What are antiplatelets
Also known as bleeding in the space between the brain and the tissue covering the brain
What is subarachnoid hemorrhages
Dose of nimodipine for SAH
What is 60 mg PO every 4 hours for 21 consecutive days
The dose for alteplase for treating a stroke
What is
0.9 mg/kg (Max 90mg)
- Bolus given 10% of dose over 1 minute
- Followed by infusion over 1 hours for the remainder of dose
Stroke mimetics (Name at least 3)
What are
- hypoglycemia, seizures, encephalopathy, CNS tumor, drug toxicity, complicated migraine
These fluids should be avoided due to risks of exacerbating cerebral edema
What are hypotonic solutions