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Variables
Models
Replication vs. Repetition
Theory vs. Law
Cell Theory
100
How many independent variables can be tested in a standard scientific experiment?
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3
100
Nanci’s teacher asked her to make a model to show how the planets circle the Sun. Nanci chooses to make paper cutouts of the planets. She hangs each one from the ceiling.
What is wrong with Nanci’s model? A) It cannot show how the planets move. B) It cannot show that planets are round. C) It cannot show the correct order of the planets. D) It cannot show the different sizes of the planets.
100
The ability to reproduce results is an important part of any science experiment. Identify the word that best describes this statement?
A) Inference B) Obsevation C) Replication D) Hypothosize
100
A scientific theory is based on
A) data collected over time. B) a general claim by scientist. C) the best guess of a scientist. D) an idea that can only be proven true.
100
According to the cell theory, where do cells come from?
A) Cells can only come from other, pre-existing cells B) Cells are formed from the semi-conservative replication of DNA C) Cells can only arise from the complex chemical environment found in organic solutions D) Cells come from other cells and, on rare occasions, from the spontaneous action of inorganic enzymes
200
In an experiment for science class, six pepper plants grown in individual containers are separated into two groups. One group is placed in a room that gets sunlight, and the other group is placed in a dark room. All of the plants receive the same amount of water daily. After three weeks, the plants are observed.
Why were all the plants in the experiment pepper plants? A) plant type was a tested variable B) plant type was not a tested variable C) each plant received a different amount of water D) each plant received the same amount of sunlight
200
Identify one of the many reasons why a scientist might use a model?
A. Models are easy to create B. Models waste natural resources C. Models are more accurate than the real thing D. Models are a less expensive means of testing
200
If a scientific experiment repeatedly gives the same results, the experiment is
A) reliable. B) a law. C) invalid. D) being done by an untrained student.
200
"Fifteen hundred years ago everybody knew the Earth was the center of the universe. Five hundred years ago, everybody knew the Earth was flat, and fifteen minutes ago, you knew that humans were alone on this planet. Imagine what you’ll know tomorrow.” That's a statement of Agent Kay in from Men in Black.
Agent Kay's statement illustrates that theories are A) always true. B) constantly changing. C) describe what happens in the natural world. D) are proven by evidence collected by scientists.
200
The Cell Theory states that
A) all living things are made of cells. B) all cells have only one nucleus. C) plants do not have cells. D) only animals have cells.
300
Sara and Juan conducted an experiment to test which soil would be BEST for growing plants. They planted bean seeds in four pots and placed the pots in the sunlight. Each pot had a different type of soil. They used all three types of soil seen in the jar: sand, silt, and clay. They also made a mixture of soil using equal parts of sand, silt, and clay. Once the seeds were planted, they watered the pots every day and tracked the seed germination and plant growth.
What was the dependent variable in the experiment? A) type of soil B) plant growth C) amount of soil in the pots D) time needed for germination
300
Models do NOT allow us to
A) explain natural phenomena. B) understand natural phenomena. C) predict the outcome of future events perfectly. D) predict possible outcomes of natural phenomena.
300
Sally and Maria hypothesized that earthworms lived only in dark, damp places. They measured a one-meter square in a shady spot near a stream. They dug through the soil and collected earthworms. They collected 43 worms. They repeated the experiment in several locations, sunny and dry included. They found the most worms in the shady, damp plot near the stream. Several other groups of science students carried out the same experiment and got similar results. This is an example of
A) bias. B) repetition. C) replication. D) validity.
300
Scientific hypotheses, theories, and laws are all vital to the development of scientific ideas. They are all vital, but they are not equal. They actually represent different types of ideas, with varying degrees of strength. The strength of a scientific idea is based in large part on how well it allows us to predict what will happen in certain situations.
Rank the three, beginning with the strongest. A) Law, Theory, Hypothesis B) Theory, Law, Hypothesis C) Theory, Hypothesis, Law D) Hypothesis, Theory, Law
300
Cara and Chuck were looking at pond water through a microscope. They saw an image. Cara wondered what it was. Chuck said it had to be a living thing because it was
A) Green. B) Moving. C) Made of cells. D) Round throughout.
400
A new candy company wants to determine what color they should make their new chocolate candies to maximize sales. They perform a controlled study at a number of shopping malls, offering bright purple, royal blue, and lime green colored candies. They ask the participants to rate their favorite. Candy color is the
A. Control Variable B. Dependent Variable C. Qualitative Variable D. Independent Variable
400
Scientists create models to help make sense of the natural world. Models are powerful tools that help scientists predict how things work. Models should be scientifically testable. When a model fails to predict correctly, the model must be revised or replaced.
A good example of this kind of model would be one that represents the Earth, Moon, and Sun as small plastic spheres that can be mechanically moved to illustrate the moon phases. A) computer model B) mental image model C) two dimensional model D) three dimensional model
400
Tom and Jesse decided to perform an experiment to see what exercise does to blood pressure. They decided to test their friend John. Below is their procedure. 1. Take test subject's resting blood pressure. 2. Have test subject do either sit ups, push ups, or sprint for one minute. 3. Take test subject's blood pressure.
Tom and Jesse run the same tests on John every day for one week. Running the same test, for one week, is an example of A) validity. B) a control. C) repetition. D) replication.
400
Once a hypothesis is tested and confirmed, and then tested again and confirmed again by many others, it may provide the basis for, or become a part of, a ____________.
A) scientific law B) scientific theory C) scientific community D) scientific observation
400
Which is NOT part of the Cell Theory?
A) All cells come from existing cells. B) Microscopic organisms are not made of cells. C) All living things are made of one or more cells. D) Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things
500
In testing the effectiveness of an energy drink on the performance of athletes, 50 athletes were given water and 50 athletes were given a new energy drink, Yellow Bull. After drinking, each athlete was asked to perform a one-mile run, a 100 yard sprint and 20 pull-ups. The performance on the athletic events was the......
A. Conclusion B. Hypothesis C. Dependent Variable D. Independent Variable
500
This model shows the solar system. The greatest limitation of this model is that it does NOT show
A) All the planets in the solar system. B) The comparative size of the planets. C) The relative distance between the planets. D) The size of the Sun compared to the planets.
500
A chemist measuring the viscosity of oils records the instruments and methodology used, so that another scientist will be able to achieve exactly the same results of the experiment. This is an example of ___________.
A) Inference B) Obsevation C) Replication D) Hypothosize
500
extensively tested and generally accepted : educated guess that has yet to be tested
A) hypothesis : theory B) theory : hypothesis C) observation : theory D) observation :hypothesis
500
Which statement describes ALL living things?
A) They must reproduce sexually. B) They are composed of one or more cells. C) They are capable of making their own food. D) They have organ systems to carry out the processes of life.