Ch. 04 Introduction to Pharmacology
antibiotic
Drugs that kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria to treat bacterial infections.
Antihyperlipidemic Drugs
Medications that lower cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the blood.
Atypical antipsychotic drugs
Newer antipsychotic medications that treat psychosis with fewer side effects than older drugs.
Corticosteroids
Hormone-like drugs that reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system.
Analgesia
The absence or reduction of pain without loss of consciousness.
Anticonvulsants
Medications used to prevent or control seizures in conditions such as epilepsy.
Antihypertensive Agents
Drugs used to lower high blood pressure and prevent complications like heart attack or stroke.
Benzodiazepines
Sedative drugs that reduce anxiety, help with sleep, and control seizures by enhancing GABA activity in the brain.
Depression
A mood disorder causing persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and loss of interest.
Bioequivalent drugs
Drugs that have the same active ingredients and effects as a brand-name drug.
Antidepressants
Medications used to treat depression by balancing brain chemicals like serotonin or norepinephrine.
Anti-inflammatory drugs
Medications that reduce inflammation, pain, and swelling.
Beta-adrenergic blockers (Beta blockers)
Drugs that slow heart rate and lower blood pressure by blocking the effects of adrenaline.
Muscle relaxants
Drugs that relieve muscle spasms and stiffness.
GERD (
A chronic condition where stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing heartburn.
anti-diabetic drug
Medications that help control blood sugar levels in people with diabetes.
Antipsychotic drugs
Drugs used to manage symptoms of psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
Calcium Channel Blockers
Medications that relax blood vessels and reduce heart workload by blocking calcium from entering heart and vessel cells.
Narcotic
A drug that relieves severe pain and can cause dependence; often refers to opioids.
HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein)
“Good” cholesterol that removes excess cholesterol from the bloodstream.
Antihistamines
Drugs that block histamine receptors to relieve allergy symptoms such as sneezing, itching, and runny nose.
ADHD (Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)
A condition characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
Cephalosporin antibiotics
A class of antibiotics similar to penicillin used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections.
NSAID
Drugs that relieve pain and reduce inflammation without using steroids.
Hyperthyroidism
A condition where the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone.