Ch. 08 Human Growth and Development - KEY TERMS
acceptance
Patients understand sake and accept the fact that they are going to die.
arteriosclerosis
: a thickening and hardening of the walls of the arteries, can also decrease the blood
early adulthood
the prime childbearing time and usually produces the healthiest babies.
hospice
care can play an important role in meeting the needs of the dying patient
rationalization
This involves using a reasonable excuse or acceptable explanation for behavior to avoid the real reason or true motivation.
adolescence
adolescence : ages 12 to 18, is often a traumatic life. stage. Physical changes occur most dramatically in the early period. A sudden "growth spurt" can cause rapid increases in weight and height.
bargaining
occurs when patients accept death but want more time to live.
early childhood
: from 1-6 years of age, physical growth is slower than during infancy.
infancy
During early childhood, from 1-6 years of age, physical growth is slower
Regression
This involves retreating to a previous developmental level that provided more safety and security than the current level an individual is experiencing.
affection
affection : The need for love and affection is satisfied when friends are made, social contacts are established, acceptance by others is received, and the individual is able to both give and receive affection and love
chemical abuse
: the use of substances such as alcohol or drugs and the development of a physical and/or you! mental dependence on these chemicals
emotional
: development usually involves preserving the stability established during previous stages.
late adulthood
These include "elderly," "senior citizen," "golden ager," and "retired citizen." Much attention has been directed toward this life stage in recent years because people are living longer, and the number of people in this age group is increasing daily.
Repression
This involves the transfer of unacceptable or painful ideas, feelings, and thoughts into the unconscious mind.
Alzheimer's disease
: loss of memory, deterioration of intellectual functions, speech and gait disturbances, and disorientation.
cognitive
refers to intellectual development and includes learning how to solve problems, make judgments, and deal with situations. Emotional refers to feelings and includes dealing with love, hate, joy, fear, excitement, and other similar feelings.
Esteem
includes feeling important and worthwhile. When others show respect, approval, and appreciation, an individual begins to feel esteem and gains self-respect
projection
This involves placing the blame for one's own actions or inadequacies on someone else or on circumstances rather than accepting responsibility for the action
right to die
Adults who have terminal illnesses or have a low quality of life may instruct their doctors, in writing, to withhold treatments that might prolong life.
anger
often in the form of "temper tantrums," occurs when they cannot perform as desired.
displacement
This involves transferring feelings about one person to someone else.
Growth
refers to the measurable physical changes that occur throughout a person's life.
puberty
: The most obvious physical changes in adolescents relate to the development of the sexual organs and secondary sexual characteristics, f
Safety
needs include the need to be but free from anxiety and fear, and the need to feel secure in the environment.