Chapter 1 Vocab
Archaic Indians were:
A) First European settlers
B) Descendants of Paleo-Indians who hunted and gathered
C) Known for horse-riding before Europeans
D) Early farmers in Mexico
B) Descendants of Paleo-Indians who hunted and gathered
Which factor most influenced the cultures of Archaic peoples in the Eastern Woodland?
A) Sea coast
B) Deserts
C) Mountains
D) Forests
D) Forests
$100
Who sponsored Columbus’s first voyage in 1492?
A) France
B) Spain
C) Portugal
D) Italy
B) Spain
Which was the most valuable export from New Spain in the 1500s?
A) Precious metals
B) Indian laborers
C) Agricultural products
D) Leather hides
A) Precious metals
Prince Henry the Navigator is remembered for:
A) Advocating Portuguese exploration
B) Capturing the Incan Empire
C) Sailing around the Cape of Good Hope
D) Founding a Spanish fort in Florida
A) Advocating Portuguese exploration
A Chiefdom is:
A) A small nomadic band
B) A hierarchical social organization led by a chief
C) A fishing community
D) A common landmass like Pangaea
B) A hierarchical social organization led by a chief
About 11,000 years ago, Paleo-Indians faced a major crisis because:
A) The climate became much colder
B) Hunters killed too many small animals
C) A long drought killed edible plants
D) The large animals they hunted went extinct
D) The large animals they hunted went extinct
Which Portuguese explorer sailed around the Cape of Good Hope?
A) Bartolomeu Dias
B) Ferdinand Magellan
C) Vasco da Gama
D) Prince Henry
A) Bartolomeu Dias
The deaths of millions of Indians by the late 1500s led Spain to:
A) Abandon the encomienda system
B) Buy enslaved Africans for labor
C) Declare Indians superior warriors
D) Reduce settlement efforts
B) Buy enslaved Africans for labor
The Reconquest (Reconquista) was:
A) Spain’s attempt to recover treasure from France
B) Drive to expel Muslims from Spain and Portugal
C) A Spanish tax on colonists
D) Portugal’s defeat by Spain
B) Drive to expel Muslims from Spain and Portugal
“Irrigation” means:
A) Blocking streams from flooding
B) Drying the land for planting
C) Applying water to crops to help them grow
D) Removing water from land
C) Applying water to crops to help them grow
Which statement about the Hopewell chiefdom is supported by burial mound evidence?
A) Their trade network stretched across the continent
B) They lacked artisan skills
C) Chiefs rejected personal luxury items
D) They did not trade with other tribes
A) Their trade network stretched across the continent
Which system granted Spanish conquerors the right to demand tribute and labor from Indians?
A) Hacienda
B) Indenture
C) Repartimiento
D) Encomienda
D) Encomienda
Which effect did the Columbian Exchange have on Indians?
A) They traded at Europe’s expense
B) They suffered devastating Old World diseases
C) They grew stronger in numbers
D) They gained new technology
B) They suffered devastating Old World diseases
The Tainos were:
A) Portuguese settlers in Brazil
B) Indians who inhabited San Salvador and met Columbus
C) Aztec warriors
D) Mexica nobles
B) Indians who inhabited San Salvador and met Columbus
“Tribute” in Mexica society referred to:
A) Religious sacrifices only
B) Goods and captives collected from conquered peoples
C) Tariffs on imported goods
D) Taxes on citizens
B) Goods and captives collected from conquered peoples
The League of Five Nations, powerful into the 18th century, was formed as:
A) An alliance among European explorers
B) A confederation of Aztec tribes
C) A confederation of Iroquois tribes for war and diplomacy
D) An alliance of Algonquian nomads
C) A confederation of Iroquois tribes for war and diplomacy
Who conquered the Incan Empire in 1532?
A) Hernando de Soto
B) Francisco Pizarro
C) Juan Ponce de León
D) Hernán Cortés
B) Francisco Pizarro
How did Spanish men in New Spain shape society?
A) Married Indian women, creating mixed families
B) Married mostly Spanish women
C) Formed egalitarian communities
D) Banned intermarriage with natives
A) Married Indian women, creating mixed families
Tenochtitlan was:
A) A Spanish fort in Florida
B) Incan capital
C) Capital of the Mexica (Aztec) Empire
D) A Pueblo village
C) Capital of the Mexica (Aztec) Empire
Cahokia was:
A) A Mexica capital city
B) An Anasazi cliff dwelling
C) A Pueblo religious kiva site
D) The largest ceremonial site in ancient North America near the Mississippi
D) The largest ceremonial site in ancient North America near the Mississippi
Why would an image of a Paleo-Indian on horseback hunting bison with a bow in 1000 CE be anachronistic?
A) Paleo-Indians didn’t hunt bison then
B) Horses were not introduced until Europeans arrived
C) Arrows weren’t developed yet
D) Humans weren’t on the Plains then
B) Horses were not introduced until Europeans arrived
Which treaty in 1494 divided Atlantic territories between Spain and Portugal?
A) Treaty of Tordesillas
B) Treaty of Lisbon
C) Treaty of Paris
D) Treaty of Madrid
A) Treaty of Tordesillas
Which statement best describes Spain’s financial situation after decades of conquest and colonization?
A) Spain became debt-free
B) Spain reached unprecedented wealth
C) The poor bore the heavy tax burden
D) Most Spaniards were ashamed of conquest
C) The poor bore the heavy tax burden
Montezuma was:
A) Emperor of the Mexica Empire
B) Catholic missionary
C) Spanish conquistador
D) Emperor of the Incan Empire
A) Emperor of the Mexica Empire