Newton's Laws of Motion
An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an external force
What is the first law of motion
What is kinetic energy
The energy of an object due to its motion.
What is potential energy
the energy stored in an object due to its position or condition.
Kinetic energy or potential energy.
mechanical energy
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
the law of conservation of energy
Force equals mass times acceleration (F=ma).
What does the second law of motion state
Write the formula for kinetic energy.
KE=1/2mv^2
Write the formula for gravitational potential energy
PE=mgh
What type of energy is stored in batteries
Chemical energy
Give an example of the law of conservation of energy in action
Mr. Bower Choice
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
What does the third law of motion state
How does an increase in speed affect kinetic energy
Kinetic energy increases with the square of the speed.
What happens to potential energy as an object is lifted higher
The potential energy increases as height increases.
Energy that travels in waves and includes light, radio waves, and X-rays.
electromagnetic energy
How does energy transfer occur in a roller coaster
As the coaster climbs, it gains potential energy, which is converted to kinetic energy as it descends.
Give an example of Newton's first law in everyday life
A book resting on a table stays at rest until someone picks it up.
If a car has a mass of 1000 kg and is moving at 20 m/s, what is its kinetic energy
200,000J
Calculate the potential energy of a 10 kg object at a height of 5 meters
490 J
The energy that comes from the temperature of matter; it is related to the motion of atoms and molecules.
thermal energy
What happens to the total energy in a closed system
The total energy remains constant; it only changes forms.
How does inertia relate to Newton's first law
Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion.
How does kinetic energy differ between a small object moving fast and a large object moving slowly
A large object moving slowly can have more kinetic energy than a small object moving fast, depending on their masses and velocities.
Explain how potential energy can be converted to kinetic energy
When an object falls, its potential energy decreases while its kinetic energy increases as it gains speed.
It is released during nuclear reactions, such as fission or fusion, involving the nucleus of atoms.
nuclear energy
Explain how the conservation of energy applies to a light bulb
Electrical energy is converted into light and heat energy, but the total energy remains the same.