Structure & Function
What is anatomy?
The study of body structures.
This system delivers oxygen and nutrients to tissues.
The circulatory system
Define homeostasis.
Maintaining a stable internal environment
What is the smallest unit of life?
Cell
The nose is ______ to the ears.
medial
What is physiology?
The study of how body parts function.
Which system breaks down food into nutrients?
digestive system
Is sweating when you are hot a negative or positive feedback loop?
Negative
Define “Human Being.”
A living being made of organ systems that function together.
The wrist is ______ to the shoulder.
distal
Give an example of how structure determines function in the human body.
The heart's muscular walls allow it to pump blood; lungs' air sacs maximize gas exchange.
The digestion of food allows the nutrients to be absorbed
Which two systems are responsible for coordination and control?
Nervous and endocrine systems
What part of a homeostatic mechanism detects change?
Receptor
What does “excretion” mean?
Removal of metabolic waste from the body.
The spine is ______ to the heart.
posterior
Name the six levels of structural organization from simplest to most
Atom → Molecule → Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ system → Human Being
This system helps rid the body of nitrogenous waste?
Urinary (excretory) system.
Give one example of a positive feedback loop.
Childbirth (oxytocin release) or blood clotting.
What is “metabolism”?
All chemical reactions occurring in the body.
What does “superior” mean?
above or closer to the head
Explain the difference between an organ and a tissue.
A tissue is a group of similar cells working together; an organ is made of multiple tissues performing a specific function.
Which system produces hormones to regulate growth and metabolism?
Endocrine System
Describe what might happen if homeostasis fails.
The body can become unstable, leading to illness or death.
Define “responsiveness” in terms of life functions.
The ability to sense and respond to stimuli.
What is the difference between transverse and frontal planes?
Transverse divides top and bottom; frontal divides front and back.